First, the symptoms of broccoli in the nursery period, early cultivation or off-season cultivation, frost damage or winter damage can occur. Freezing damage occurred during the seedling stage, the lightly damaged leaves became white or thin paper-like, and the victims suffered from heavy burns like boiling water.
Second, the cause has long been considered that frost damage is determined by the cold and frost-sensitive plants do not resist the physiological characteristics of low temperature, the latest research results show that the plant itself does not produce ice core material above a 10 °C, due to cell water has a cooling effect, In the absence of ice-nuclear material, body temperature drops to a temperature of -7 to -8°C without frost traces, and ice nucleation active bacteria (INA bacteria), which are widely present on plant bodies, induce plant frosts. The key factor is that it induces frost in the water of the plant cells at a 2- to 5°C temperature. In the same crop, variety and growth period, the freezing temperature is a range. In this range, the frequency of freezing in different temperature ranges is different. This is related to the temperature distribution and INA bacterial density. The INA bacteria density is greater. The higher the temperature at which freezing begins, the more ice accumulates in areas where the density of ice nucleation bacteria is large; the ice crystals then expand outward in the body in subcooled states. Plants with INA bacteria freeze when the temperature drops to 2-3°C. The longer the duration of freezing, the heavier the damage. Psudomonas syingae flora is mainly distributed on cruciferous plants.
Third, the prevention and control methods to prevent broccoli cold damage from the selection of hardy varieties and cultivation management staff. (1) Nitrogen-enhanced potassium-enhanced potassium, promote root development, and enhance cold resistance. (2) Covering protection Cover straws, leaves, hulls, grass ash, etc. between broccoli rows or cover 3-5 cm to cover the heart. (3) Cultivate soil by cultivating, loosen the soil and increase the temperature of the ground. (4) Control the early flowering and early flowering, check the seedlings in time after the cold current, pay attention to the ditch and soil, and remove the plant ash or husk ash when thawing. (5) Spray 27% high-fat film emulsion 80-100 times. If necessary, anti-frost cream No. 1 and anti-frost agent No. 1 can be sprayed. (6) spraying plant cold resistance K-3, 100-300 ml per 667 square meters. (8) Lightly damaged plots can be sprayed with Fengpo II No. 800 or Yunda 120 Plant Growth Regulator 3000 times.
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