The rapeseed meal (rapeseed cake) is a high-protein high-value feed with 35%--40% protein, digestive energy 10.46--12.55kj/kg, calcium 0.61%, phosphorus 0.95%, and iron. Copper, manganese, selenium and other trace elements and a variety of vitamins, but because of containing mustard seed, erucic acid, phytic acid and tannins and other anti-nutritional factors, its use, dosage greatly reduced. Mustard seedlings in the case of mustard enzyme or in the digestive tract can produce a variety of toxic substances, so that the pig thyroid goiter, digestive tract and liver and kidney damage; erucic acid can make animal growth blocked; phytic acid can be combined with calcium, magnesium, zinc, affect Body development; tannins, in addition to bitter taste, also impede the digestion of proteins. Therefore, dishes must be detoxified before they can be used as feed. In the past, the method of detoxification of vegetables was mainly lye neutralization method, soil burying method, immersing method, silage method and ammonia treatment method. However, they were all unsatisfactory. Some methods lost some nutrients to the vegetable mash, and some methods were troublesome. The method takes a long time, and some methods have waste water and pollute the environment. Recently, the author used the highly active biological preparations produced by Zaozhuang Animal Health Products Co., Ltd. of Shandong Province to detoxify vegetables and achieved good results. This highly active biological preparation is a type of highly active live dry bacterial preparation compounded by lactic acid bacteria, yeast, Bacillus and Geotrichum sp. Using it to ferment rapeseed cake can not only remove the toxic components, but also increase the beneficial ingredients in the rapeseed cake. Detoxification of the specific steps and methods: 1. Raw material processing: The main raw material is rapeseed meal, machine mustard cake first crushed (crusher sieve pore size of 2mm), accessories for bran, corn flour. The raw materials were mixed according to the ratio of 90% of rapeseed cake, 5% of bran and 5% of corn flour. 2. Inoculation of microorganisms: Inoculum volume is grasped at 1% - 2%. Before inoculation, the highly active biological agent (dry powdered) strains are revitalized and placed in about 10 times the amount of warm water, stirred, and placed. 1--2 hours to increase strain activity. 3. Moistening of raw materials: The amount of water added is 55% - 60% of the weight of the material, and the specific amount can be flexibly controlled according to the indoor humidity. 4. Mixing: Add microbial broth, stir well. 5. Fermentation: Mix the even feed into a fermentation tank or other fermentation container and ferment it at 15- 20°C for 48 hours until the surface grows white mycelia. The color of the feed turns brown and there is obvious wine Smell, acid and scent are ripe for fermentation. Fermented and mature feeds can be blended with corn and other energy feeds, adding other additives to make full-priced feeds. Due to the relatively short fermentation time, the fermentation product can be prevented and controlled from being contaminated by other bacteria. In addition, the beneficial bacteria in high-activity biological preparations grow in large quantities and produce bacterial proteins, amino acids, vitamins, proteases, amylase and other products, which can increase the nutritional value of rapeseed meal. The content of tannin in rapeseed meal can be reduced by about 50%, thus improving the palatability of rapeseed meal. The author's farm uses this method to detoxify the vegetable pods to replace the soybean meal to feed the pigs in a ratio of 1.3:1. 80% of the sows are replaced, 40% of the fattening pigs are over 60kg, and 30% are replaced by the 30--60kg fattening pigs. It has almost the same effect as pure pods. Local dishes are sold at 1,100 yuan/ton, while soybean meal is 2,400 yuan/ton. In the 3 months of the trial, 2.3 tons of detoxified vegetables were used, and the cost of high-activity biological preparations was only 30 yuan, but the consumption of soybean meal was reduced by 1.5 tons and the cost was reduced by 100 yuan.
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