At present, the spraying of pesticides in the production of fruit trees is the main means of controlling pests. However, in the long-term evolutionary process, pests and widespread natural enemies of pests have gradually formed an ecological balance relationship of interdependence and mutual restraint. If the ecological chain balance between pests and natural enemies is not maintained during the process of controlling pests, the control will not only not receive good results, but will also induce the occurrence of insect pests. I. Classification of Natural Enemies of Fruit Pests Natural enemies of fruit trees are mainly divided into two major categories: predatory and parasitic. Predatory natural enemies mainly include predatory ladybugs, grass ridges, florets, thrips, flies, predators, and spiders; parasitic natural enemies include various parasitoids, parasitic flies, and parasites. In the application of pesticides in orchards, predatory natural enemies should be fully utilized and protected so that the prevention and control of pests and the protection and utilization of natural enemies are both taken into account and attention is paid to the maintenance of ecological balance. Second, ecological balance prevention and control technology points 1, do a good job prevention and control during dormancy. In the late dormancy of fruit trees, when the overwintering pests are massively excreted, their resistance is the weakest, and more importantly, the natural enemies of pests have not yet emerged at this time, and the timing of prevention and control is optimal, especially before the fruit trees sprout. At this time, after adequately cutting, scraping the adult pests, cockroaches, larvae of the eggs, bark and burning them in a concentrated manner, the whole park sealed and sprayed a 5 degree lime sulfur agent in mid-March. In early April, according to insect monitoring results, using the characteristics of weak resistance during the outbreak of insect pests and spraying targeted pesticides in a timely manner can have a multiplier effect, especially for aphids and leaf-feeding pests. 2. Avoid or use less broad-spectrum insecticides in the annual cycle. During the annual cycle, with the tree's germination, leaf development, and flowering, the natural enemies of pests will continue to erupt, and their outbreaks will always be later than their corresponding pests (natural enemies following phenomenon). Before June, there were more florets, grasshoppers, ladybugs, thrips, and spiders; after July, predators were the main natural enemies, so in the aspect of chemical control, especially the use of broad-spectrum insecticides should be 6 Months ago. After June (after wheat harvest), avoid broad-spectrum pesticides to avoid pests and natural enemies. In June-August, if the medication is reasonable, even without drugs, the locusts, mites, and leaf-feeding pests in the orchards will be effectively controlled due to the large number of natural enemies. 3, selective medication. In production, many pesticides have little effect on natural enemies while controlling pests. Such agents are called selective pesticides. Prevention and treatment of blood should be more use of such agents. Insecticides include diflubenzuron, insect morpholine, buprofezin, Bacillus thuringiensis, Bt bacillus, Beauveria bassiana, etc., and morbidity in the acaricides, avermectins, and nisolulene. 4, grass orchards between the rows. Grass orchards in the orchard, especially the interplanted weeds, can effectively regulate soil fertility and water supply. Because of their early germination and long growth period, they are conducive to the reproduction and activity of natural enemies of pests, and the number of natural enemies is significantly higher, which can effectively maintain orchards. The ecological balance of the insect population, and more importantly, when controlling pests, natural enemies can avoid being killed in the grass. Orchard grass between the lines, generally legumes, such as alfalfa, white clover, fish and wheat grass. 5, between the potential use of drugs to control pests. Even if the best use of pesticides is too often and frequently used, insect pest resistance can be achieved and the control effect will be reduced. What is even more unfavourable is that single or several pesticides will completely exterminate certain natural enemies. From the viewpoint of comprehensively and effectively maintaining the ecological balance, orchards should be used to replace different types of agents.
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