When greenhouse fertilizers are applied to inorganic fertilisers, they often have the following misunderstandings, which not only reduces fertilizer efficiency, but also brings some negative effects. It is worth paying attention to.
First, use ammonium bicarbonate and ammonium sulfate in winter greenhouses. After the application of ammonium bicarbonate, a large amount of ammonia will be volatilized, which is unfavorable for the growth of vegetables; ammonium sulfate is a physiological acidic fertilizer, which will increase the acidity of the soil after application. Ammonium bicarbonate is a fast-acting fertilizer for top-dressing vegetables in winter greenhouses. Even at a soil temperature of 5°C, it can be converted and used by crops. However, it should be applied with depth, and it is generally opened at 8 to 10 cm from the roots of vegetables. The ditch with a depth of centimeter, after the application of the earth, it can be used to cover the area strictly, which can increase the utilization rate by 10% to 30%.
Second, the application of diammonium phosphate in winter. Vegetables need a lot of nitrogen and potassium, and they need less phosphorus. For example, the ratio of NPK required by eggplant is 3:1:4, cucumber is 3:1:10, tomato is 6:1:12, and so on. Diammonium phosphate contains 18% nitrogen and 46% phosphorus. It does not contain potassium. Therefore, it is not suitable to use more diammonium phosphate in greenhouses. In addition, it should be noted that diammonium phosphate must not be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as grass ash to avoid ammonia volatilization and ammonia damage.
Third, the application of phosphate fertilizer. Phosphorus is easily absorbed by the soil and loses its effectiveness. Phosphate fertilizers are therefore suitable as base fertilizers or are concentrated in root-dense soils in the early stage of vegetables. Generally, 8 cm deep trenches are planted in transplant lines, and 4 to 5 cm soil is poured after the phosphorus fertilizers are spread. Planting vegetables in shallow trenches shortens the distance between phosphate fertilizers and crop roots to compensate for the weaknesses of phosphorus mobility.
Fourth, top-dressing potassium fertilizer. Vegetables generally require more potassium before and after flowering, and then gradually decrease. Potassium application at later stages will result in a significant decrease in the utilization rate of potassium and waste of fertilizer.
Fifth, urea topsoil shallow Shi. The development stage of vegetable crops has more demand for fertilizers and waters, and deepening the application of plants in advance will increase the utilization rate by about 28%. When dressing, open 8~10 cm deep ditch. After application, cover the soil tightly. For the vegetables with large row spacing, you can use deep acupuncture and open the hole. Watering according to greenhouse temperature for 5~7 days will allow sufficient time for ammonia in the soil. To facilitate absorption and utilization. During the growth of vegetables, the leaves can also be sprayed with 0.3% urea solution, once every 7 days, 75-100 kg of fertilizer solution per mu, and even spray 2 or 3 times.
6. Fertilize under drought conditions. Greenhouse vegetables are happy crops. Fertilizing when the soil is dry, not only can the fertilizer effect not be fully exerted, but also the concentration of soil solution can suddenly increase, making it easier for the vegetables to burn their roots. Therefore, greenhouses should be combined with irrigation, fertilization should be carried out, and the fertilizer should be irrigated afterwards, or combined with water, fertilizer and water. Http://
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