Note: Soybean, peanut and other legumes mainly use nitrogen to fix nitrogen in the air, and the nitrogen extracted from the soil accounts for only 1/3; the roots and stems are fresh weight, and the grain is air-dried.
In the past, farmer fertilization often relied on experience, or directly controlled the amount of fertilizer per acre to be within acceptable cost limits. From reducing fertilizer input and improving fertilizer utilization, scientific calculation of fertilizer application can truly save planting costs.
The determination of the amount of fertilizer can be divided into nutrient balance method and field test method. Here is an introduction to the basic calculation principle of the nutrient balance method.
The basic concept of the nutrient balance method is that the nutrient uptake of the crop is equal to the sum of the nutrient supply of the soil and the fertilizer. Some of the nutrients provided by the fertilizer for the crops are to be fertilized, but the amount of crop fertilization and fertilizer nutrient supply are not exactly the same, because only a part of the nutrients in the farmland are absorbed and utilized by the seasonal crops.
Considering the fertilizer utilization factor, the amount of fertilizer applied can be calculated by the following formula:
Planned crop fertilization amount (kg) = (total nutrient required for planned yield - soil nutrient supply) ÷ (fertilizer nutrient content × fertilizer utilization rate (%))
The amount of crop fertilization refers to the amount of a certain nutrient element applied. Specific to the variety of fertilizers, the amount of chemical fertilizers to be used is calculated by the following formula:
Planned crop fertilization amount (kg) = physical fertilizer dosage (kg) × active ingredient content (%)
Among them: 1. Total nutrient required for planned production (kg) = (planned output / 100) × 100kg per formation
The amount of nutrients required for production (refer to the approximate amount of nutrients required for the formation of 100 kg of economic output for different crops), and the planned output is a 10% to 15% increase in the average annual product yield of local crops.
2. Soil nutrient supply (kg) = (no fertilizer area yield / 100) × number of nutrients required for each 100 kg of production
Soil fertility is generally estimated by soil sampling tests. In the absence of assay conditions, estimates can also be made by yield (blank yield) without fertilization.
3. Under normal circumstances, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in the current season is: 30% to 35% of nitrogen fertilizer, 20% to 25% of phosphate fertilizer, and 25% to 35% of potassium fertilizer.
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