In the fall and winter seasons, the ground part of the tea tree will enter the dormancy period, while the underground root system will enter the peak period of the annual activity. At this stage, the management of the tea garden is directly related to the production and quality of spring tea in the following year. With good management, it can also reduce the number of wintering bases of pests and diseases, reduce the damage level of diseases and pests in the coming year, and strengthen the ability of tea trees to resist cold and freezing disasters. Therefore, peasant friends must strengthen the management of tea gardens in autumn and winter.
I. Soil Fertility Management (1) Rational plowing and ploughing of tea gardens will help improve soil conditions, soil properties and soil fertility. It is conducive to the growth of roots, is conducive to the absorption of nutrients by roots, and promotes the growth of tea roots. . Through soil plowing can also play a role in insecticidal sterilization, the surface of the eggs, cockroaches, harmful bacteria turned to the lower soil layer, so that it suffocates to death, or the lower layer of soil eggs, cockroaches, bacteria turning Sunburned or frozen to earth surface. The principle of ploughing is that the sandy loam can be lighter, the yellow loam and the yellow brown earth are deeper, and the place near the root of the tea tree should be ploughed, and deeper away from the root of the tea tree. Tea gardens should be ploughed sooner rather than later. It is generally recommended that they be conducted well in mid-October. The depth of ploughing is generally about 20 cm.
(2) Fertilizer Tea plants with deep basal fertilization in autumn and winter show strong growth after spring, thick and large leaves, good quality, and significant increase in yield. In autumn and winter seasons, fertilizer is applied to tea gardens, and farmyard fertilizers such as pond mud, human and animal manure, or miscellaneous fertilizers are mainly used. Harmless treatment is required before application. The application amount per mu is 2000-3000 kg. Mushi cake can also be 100-150 kg of fat, 10-15 kg of urea, 30 kg of superphosphate, 20 kg of potassium sulfate. The method of fertilization is to deepen the furrows between the rows of tea trees. After the application, the soil should be covered to prevent the loss of fertilizers. For stepped tea gardens, the fertilizer should be applied to the inside of the steps. The current period of fertilization in autumn and winter is appropriate, and it is no later than the end of November. In addition, one year before the spring of the spring tea germination topdressing fast precipitating fertilizer, generally in early February, about 20 kg of urea per acre, or about 40 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, the most apprehension of the appetite, it is best to open shallow 5 ~ 10cm Groove application.
II. Management of tree crowns Winter pruning of tea trees is a technical link to achieve high quality and high yield of spring tea. For tea trees with good tree vigor and strong growth, only the protruding parts of the bonsai can be cut off and the canopy surface can be neat and tidy; for those tea gardens with more “chicken clawsâ€, thin and weak branches, and the yields starting to decline, they should be weighed heavily. Pruning usually requires clipping 8-10 cm of the canopy and cutting out the claws completely to promote the neat germination of the next season. At the same time, it can also take away a large number of eggs and adults of pests such as the small green leafhopper and the tea leafhopper and suppress the pests. The hazards. Winter pruning should generally be completed around mid-November.
Third, pest control First, clean up the tea garden. The overwintering pests of tea plants mainly include small green leafhoppers, tea leafhoppers, leaf blight, and ticks and fleas. Weeds and litter are the places where these diseases and pests are parasitized and overwintered. In combination with pruning, the weeds on the terrace walls, the dry branches of the tea tree roots, and the damaged branches and leaves of the broken branches are collectively burned and destroyed, which helps to reduce overwintering diseases in the tea garden. The base of the bug.
The second is to seal the garden. Control with 0.3-0.5 Baume of lime sulfur or 150 times mineral oil. If there is still pest activity, it is possible to use 1500 times bifenthrin; anthrax, coal cake disease, leaf blight, etc., can be controlled by difenoconazole 1500 times. When spraying, the tea bushes shall be sprayed up and down, inside and outside, and the front and back of the blade shall be sprayed. The weeds on the ground and the branches in the tent shall be sprayed to improve the control effect. The closure of the tea gardens generally ends before the end of November.
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