At present, China's pig production is in the direction of intensive and large-scale development. In recent years, due to the frequent occurrence of food safety problems, the country’s policy has been tilted to accelerate this process. With the increase in the intensification of pig production, the accompanying production equipment and production technologies, as well as production management programs, are constantly improving. The pig production level has been greatly improved.
According to relevant statistics, there are currently 500 basic sows in China, and more than 2,000 large-scale pig farms with annual slaughter rates of more than 10,000. Major aquaculture companies have continuously expanded their farming scale, and non-breeding giants have also invested in the pig raising industry. They have taken advantage of the state's support for pig breeding to push the development of the domestic pig industry to a new height, and the country's pig farming industry has witnessed a vibrant scene. A large amount of money has been invested in the introduction of breeding pigs and in the provision of pig production equipment.
At the same time, compared to the intensive degree of pig production in China and the relatively advanced pig production equipment, the quality of most of the employees in China's pig farms has not been fundamentally improved. This is the main reason for the large gap between China's pig production level and the world advanced level.
1. Current status of farm operations
1.1 The overall quality is low
At present, many funds in China are flowing into the pig-breeding industry. Large-scale and intensive pig farms newly built and expanded continue to emerge. As a result, the demand for employees has greatly increased. Many pig farms have few requirements for employees when recruiting. As long as they are willing to do it, many employees are completely newcomers when they enter the market, so that the farm production performance cannot be improved.
1.2 High liquidity, increased labor costs
As the new farms have a large demand for employees, the main way to recruit workers is to increase the benefits of digging in other pig farms. Experienced employees are more popular, such as professional heads, breeders, veterinarians, and confinement workers. . Dig a professional field manager, but also bring a group of new employees. As a result, the entire swine industry has experienced frequent movements of staff and severe vicious competition. As a result, labor costs have risen sharply. The current labor costs have risen by almost 100% compared with five years ago. The main energy of some pig farm owners was used for recruiting and coping with vacancies in production jobs due to resignations. There was no energy to consider the improvement of production levels.
1.3 In the elderly
Due to the particularity of the pig industry, the general position is relatively remote. And for a long period of time, young people are often reluctant to go. The condition of the large-scale pig farms with more conditions is slightly better. However, a small number of people can stay on the farm for a long time. Therefore, most of the employees in the pig farms are mainly middle-aged couples, and elderly couples are not rare. As a result, the overall quality of pig farm staff is relatively low, and the ability to accept new ideas for new knowledge is relatively poor.
2. The establishment of training and incentive mechanisms
In view of the current status of most pig farm employees, pig farm managers need to do a lot of work in recruitment and retention. For example, provide better benefits and benefits, create a good living conditions and so on. The training of employees is an important part of the farm management and basic work. It is also an important embodiment of humane management, and it is also an important means to win employee loyalty. Many entrepreneurs believe that "the best benefits for employees are training."
Of course, there are also many pig farm owners who worry about the flow of trainers. The flow of trainers in a farm is a cost spillover for the company, but for other companies, it is resource sharing. If each company regards employee training as its responsibility, then the quality of the entire pig industry will be greatly improved. While real entrepreneurs consider economic benefits, they must also consider social benefits. Social benefits, in turn, will also promote economic benefits. At the same time, the reputation of mobile employees can also enhance the company’s position in the industry.
2.1 Creating Opportunity for Employees' Promotion
In addition to considering welfare benefits, each employee needs to consider personal development space when choosing employment. The same is true for farm staff. Most of the pig farm needs are practical talents. Therefore, when there are management or technical job vacancies on the farm, the pig farm should first consider the allocation of the floor staff. The situation of the internal staff is relatively clear to the managers, and the talents who are selected for promotion from the inside are also familiar with the situation on the farms, and their loyalty is relatively high. And, more importantly, there are opportunities for promotion to make internal employees feel more head-on and work more actively. With the expansion of pig farms or the construction of a branch, a large number of technical personnel are needed. Internal promotion is the fastest and most effective way.
2.2 Establish a good talent incentive mechanism
According to the needs of different development stages of the company, it implements practical and effective personnel training plans, guides employees to implement career development plans, and uses scientific and reasonable assessment and incentive mechanisms as traction, and must vigorously organize and carry out various forms of skills contest activities and skill star selection activities. For the winners, give material and spiritual rewards. Establish a reward system for outstanding talents and top-notch talents, award them honorary titles or give one-off rewards, special allowances and other benefits. Encourage employees to elevate themselves through different forms of learning. To enable different levels of employees to successfully achieve the different stages of needs and self-value, stimulate team motivation and work enthusiasm. With good incentives and responsibility, the management and production of the farm will only be improved and good economic benefits will be achieved.
2.3 Helping employees develop themselves
In the personal development of employees, managers should help employees clearly define the direction and goals of their development. The goal is the steps that people can take to achieve organizational vision. Not only that, the goal should also be an exact, measurable milestone that allows employees to measure their progress on the road to success. The goal is to provide people with something that they can fight for - making their work more interesting and meaningful. With the realization of the goals one by one, employees have more and more confidence in their work. For example, for young employees, if they have worked in basic production jobs for more than two years and they have done a good job, they may first be assigned to the production line leader (team leader). On this basis, we will examine them again. After the expiry of the inspection period, according to the needs and the individual's ability, they can be assigned to technical posts such as breeders and veterinarians. Or understand the individual employee’s ideas, see which direction they want to develop, and satisfy them where possible. According to the characteristics of each employee, different tasks are entrusted to them, such as calm and meticulous people being suitable for artificial insemination; smart and competent people are suitable for veterinary work. People with comprehensive skills and strong organizational skills can develop long-term roles. Try to avoid the shortcomings and make the best use of them. The enthusiasm of the employees will also rise and the management will also be easy.
3. Contents of employee training
3.1 Interest
First of all, we must cultivate the interest of employees in the pig farming industry they are engaged in. To change the traditional concept of people in the past, to engage in the idea that agriculture, especially the pig industry, has a lower social status. Today's modern agriculture has greatly improved its social status. Let employees realize that the pig industry is promising. Especially for young people with low culture and academic qualifications, as long as they can work hard and study hard, they still have the opportunity to be promoted to higher positions in the farm. Moreover, compared with labor-intensive factories, the working pace of pig farms is less stressful, and overtime is relatively small, and it is also more suitable for middle-aged people.
3.2 Professional Ethics and Responsibility
The pig industry is a very meticulous job that requires a high level of responsibility. The production of herds, especially herds, depends entirely on the responsibility of the breeder. For example, when pigs are fed, if the pigs are abnormal or the pigs are sick, the responsible employee can feel it immediately; the irresponsible employee just feeds the pigs, other situations do not feel or feel but do not want to go tube. In this way, although it is also working, the effect is completely different. Therefore, it is necessary to constantly educate employees on professional ethics and responsibility, and establish a production responsibility system to perform performance assessment on employees.
3.3 Cooperation spirit
The position of the pig farm production line is interlocked, and each employee does not work independently. Only with close cooperation can the production level of the entire farm be improved. To strengthen the spirit of cooperation among employees, it is listed as one of the contents of performance appraisal.
3.4 Skills
The experienced staff is priceless. Experienced employees can not only create high-quality work results in a short period of time, but also maximize their potential for a long time. It is very difficult for industry beginners to reach this level even after weeks or months of training. Therefore, the skills training for employees is very important and long-term work.
There are many aspects of skills training. Feeders and herd observation are the most important elements for the breeder. They must ensure that they can eat freely without wasting feed. This requires the breeder to pay attention to the feeding skills. Even with advanced equipment, responsible follow-up is still required. The observation of the herd is also the main content of the daily work. The mental status, feed intake and feces of the herd generally reflect the health status of the herd. To train breeders to become a junior veterinarian, the pigs can be seen and vaccinated. Of course, there are higher levels of requirements for veterinarians and breeders.
4. Form of employee training
4.1 Formal Academic Education
Encourage employees to participate in formal academic education. For example, some college education, self-study exams, etc., as well as some formal technical training classes. Those who have obtained academic qualifications or certificates will be given financial assistance. For undergraduates who are admitted to graduate school, they are also supported even if they do not necessarily return to work. In this way, a good atmosphere of learning can be formed in the field, talents can continue to emerge, and good personal connections can be established within the industry.
4.2 Participate in Technical Seminars
Encourage and create opportunities for employees to participate in technical exchange meetings and seminars in some industries. Improve the staff's business level and allow them to increase their knowledge, understand the industry's new knowledge and developments, and improve their position in the industry.
4.3 Ask experts to give lectures
Using his personal connections, he regularly invites experts in the industry to give lectures. This is a very good form of training. It can solve some practical problems in a targeted manner and at the same time allow most of the employees in the field to listen to the lectures on site and Increasing the cohesiveness of the employees in the field has also played a role in building a pig farm enterprise culture.
4.4 Technical Communication in the Field
Technical exchanges on the ground are the easiest and the most necessary. The technical backbone of the venue should have regular technical seminars. The staff of the audience should also meet regularly and can be divided into different groups, not less than once a month. On-site technical exchange
It is the most effective measure to solve the existing problems. At the same time, through mutual discussion, it can effectively improve the technical level of employees and enhance cohesion.
Raising pigs is an extremely meticulous task. While developing the pig raising business, it also attaches importance to the education and training of the farm staff. When the two are developed simultaneously, the pig raising level can be raised to a new level.
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