The growth and development of plants requires a suitable temperature, and cockroaches are no exception. The effect of temperature on the growth and development of alfalfa is mainly reflected in the four aspects of vegetative growth, shoot growth, flowering results and root growth. Let's take a look at the specific effects of temperature on the growth and development of alfalfa.
First, the relationship between temperature and vegetative growth
The temperature decreased and the vegetative growth was weakened. The root growth stopped during the winter dormancy period and resumed in the next spring. There are two growth nodes in the ,, young æž¸æž or some new development areas are not obvious, in fact, its growth law has not changed, due to the relationship between pruning and pest control and other management measures to promote the growth of a large number of new branches in summer, so growth and The results are constant.
Spring growth:
Generally, the sap begins to flow when the temperature reaches 1 °C or higher in late March; when the temperature reaches 6 °C or higher from the end of March to mid-April, the buds begin to sprout; before April 20, the temperature reaches 10 °C or more. In late April, after the leaf is introduced, it enters the spring shoot growth period. After the temperature reaches 20 °C in mid-June, the spring shoot stops growing. The highest temperature in July and August (the average temperature is 22 °C~25 °C) comes to spring germination. The growing leaves enter the autumn deciduous period.
Autumn growth:
Generally, in the middle of August, the germination of the leaves begins in the middle of August. When the temperature reaches 19°C~13°C in mid-August, the autumn shoots gradually stop growing. When the temperature drops below 12°C in late October, it enters the winter deciduous dormancy period.
Second, the relationship between temperature and growth of new shoots
New shoots are the main source of new results every year. The general growth period of spring shoots is about 50~60 days from late April to late June, and the temperature rises from 13 °C to 22 °C from the beginning of May to the beginning of June. The temperature of 15 ° C ~ 20 ° C is the most suitable temperature conditions for spring shoot growth.
There is no steady growth of the spring shoots in the autumn shoots. Its growth rate has decreased from August 20th; from late August to early September, it is the peak period of growth. The average daily growth is above 1cm, and the temperature range is from 18°C ​​to 24°C. It slowed down until the beginning of October when the temperature dropped to around 12 °C and stopped growing completely.
The temperature in the spring growing season is low and high, the temperature range is 5 °C ~ 25 °C, the growth period is 4 months; the temperature in the autumn growing season is high and low, the temperature range is 4 °C ~ 12 °C, the growth period is less than 3 Months. Due to the short cold weather in the autumn growing season; the early frost is coming, so that the late autumn fruit can not mature normally.
Third, the relationship between temperature and sputum flowering results
The flowering result period is from the end of April to the middle of August, which lasts for more than 3 months. The autumn flowering period is from 1 to half month from the beginning of September to mid-October, and the temperature is generally higher during the flowering and fruiting period. Between 12 ° C and 26 ° C, where the temperature is lower during the flowering period and the fruit ripening period is higher.
When the average temperature is from 16 °C to 23 °C, the flowering is most suitable. The fruit ripening period is 20 °C~25 °C, the autumn flowering period is short, and the average temperature is low 11 °C~20 °C, so the autumn fruit is not very good. mature.
There are new and old fruit branches. The old eye branch is in mid-May, the fruit is in mid-June, the seven-inch branch is in mid-June, and the fruit is in early July. The fruit period lasts from mid-June to mid-September for more than three months. Flowering to maturity for about 2 months, the number of flowering during the day is 93%, and 7% at night. In the daytime, the maximum is 39% in the morning, 36% in the afternoon, and at least 25% in the afternoon.
The flower and fruit season is the period when nutrients are consumed the most. It is necessary to strengthen management to create good conditions half a month before the arrival of this period. In the afternoon, watering and spraying can be carried out in the afternoon.
Fourth, the relationship between soil and alfalfa root growth
When the temperature reaches 8 °C ~ 14 °C, the new absorbing roots reach the maximum length of the average growth in spring, and the density is also the largest. After that, the temperature rises; the aboveground part accelerates growth, and the newly absorbed root strength weakens and stabilizes in a normal growth state. From the end of July to mid-August, the ground temperature is between 20 °C and 25 °C, which is compatible with the autumn growth on the ground, and the root growth shows the maximum growth in autumn. After the end of August, the temperature gradually decreased, and the root growth decreased accordingly. Until the end of October or early November, the temperature dropped below 10 °C. At this time, the root activity decreased and the growth stopped.
According to the law of root growth activity, loose soil improvement measures should be carried out at the beginning of its growth to create suitable conditions for root growth. According to relevant information, it is confirmed that the æž¸æž can withstand a high temperature of 60 ° C in the edge of the desert in Xinjiang. Overwintering at a low temperature of -54 ° C, some of the thin branches are lyophilized, and the trunk and main branches can still grow in winter.
The above is the effect of temperature on the growth and development of alfalfa. The content is for reference only. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to Hui Nong School!
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