The common diseases of autumn carrots are black spot, black rot, root-knot nematode, soft rot, mosaic virus disease, and vegetable farmers should identify and control the disease early.
First, black spot
Identification points: The disease is mainly harmful to carrot leaves, petioles and stems. The leaves mostly developed from the leaf tip or leaf margin, resulting in brown small lesions with yellow halos. After expansion, they were irregularly shaped dark brown, with internal pale brown lesions, and later on the leaf margins were rolled up and yellowed from the lower part. When wet, dense black mold on the lesions, stem, pedicel disease, resulting in a dark depression of oblong dark brown spots, easy to break.
Control methods: spraying 75% chlorothalonil 600 times solution or 70% mancozeb manganese 600 times in the initial stage of disease, spray once every 7-10 days, and control 2-3 times in succession.
Second, black rot
Identifying points: It can occur from the seedling stage to the harvesting stage or the storage period, and it mainly damages carrot fleshy roots, leaves, petioles and stems. The leaves become infected and dark brown spots are formed, causing serious death of the leaves. The lesions on the petioles were long strips. The spindles were mostly spindle-to-strip-shaped plaques. The edges of the lesions were not obvious. When the humidity was high, the surface of the black mold layer was dense. Most of the root infections of the fleshy roots have irregular or round dark spots on the root head. In severe cases, the lesions spread and deepen to the inside, making the fleshy roots black and rot.
Control methods: Black spot with carrots.
Third, root knot nematode disease
Identification points: The disease mainly occurs in the roots. Symptoms of above-ground performance differ depending on the degree of disease. Mildly ill strains have no obvious symptoms. Severe diseased plants have poor growth and development. Leaves wilt or yellow gradually at noon. Plants are dwarf and affect fruitfulness. When the disease is severe, all fields die. After the infection in the ground, it produces root knots of different sizes and dissections. There are many tiny milky white nematodes in the diseased tissue.
Control methods: Irrigate fields 10-15 cm deep and keep them for 1-3 months, causing nematodes to suffocate and suffocate. After the harvest, the carrots are thoroughly cleaned in the pasture, and the diseased bodies are brought out of the field to be burned and burned, which reduces the number of insects and reduces the incidence of diseases. In the early stage of disease, the roots were irrigated with 1.8% inoculum and 1000 times liquid, 0.5 kg per strain of irrigating solution, and rooted once every 10-15 days.
Fourth, soft rot
Identification points: The main damage to the roots of carrot roots, the field or storage period can occur, in the field above the stems and leaves become yellow wilting, the roots of the disease at the beginning of a wet rot, after the expansion, the shape of the lesion is uncertain, the edge is obvious or not obvious The root tissue of the flesh is softened and gray-brown. The rot juice overflows and has an odor.
Control methods: Strengthen inspections, drain water promptly after rain, and find that the diseased plants are cleared at any time, and lime or lime water is used to shower the diseased points. At the beginning of the disease, spray 14% solution of ammonia and 300 times liquid copper or 50% copper carboxylate (DT) 500 times. When harvesting, reduce the wound as much as possible. After harvesting for half a day, after entering the pit, strictly control the cellar temperature below 10°C, and the relative humidity is lower than 80%, which can reduce the incidence.
V. Mosaic virus disease
Identification points: Carrots occur at the seedling stage or in the middle growth stage, and the leaves of the plants are affected. The light forms obvious mottled mosaics, and the severe ones are severely shrunken and the leaves are distorted and distorted.
Control methods: 1 clean the garden, timely clean up the sick, buried or burned. 2 Control locusts as soon as possible to reduce the chance of transmission of poisons. Use 10% imidacloprid 15 g per mu for water spray control. 3 spray with 1.5% plant disease Ling 1000 times spray, spray every 7 days, even spray 3-4 times.
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