Toona sinensis is a deciduous tree. The axillary bud is rich in nutrients and has high dietary value. It is suitable for external cold, rheumatism, stomach pain, dysentery, etc., and thus has considerable economic benefits. However, it is the basis for the successful cultivation of the toon, and the breeding method of the toon is the key to the management of the seedlings of the toon. The breeding methods and seedling management techniques of camphor are now introduced as follows:
Method of breeding citron
1. Seed reproduction: The seed of the camphor is small, the seed coat is hard, and the membrane has long wings. The live broadcast is not easy to absorb water, and the germination is difficult. In order to obtain the seedlings neatly, seed germination treatment is required before sowing. Its method:
(1) Soaking seeds in warm water. In the first ten days of March, soak in the warm water of 30 ~ 40 °C for a day and night, after the seeds have absorbed enough water, remove them and put them in the pouch, and germination at 20~25 °C, watering each morning and evening, and evenly overturning. More than 50% of the seeds can be sown when exposed;
(2) germination: Mix the seeds and river sand in a ratio of 1:2, and sprinkle them into clean water properly. The humidity is controlled by hand-holding, and loosening is appropriate. The seeds mixed with sand are stacked together in a taro shape, and a small amount of water is poured daily, sometimes evenly overturned, and the seeds are sown by 70% whitening.
2. Stem cutting: After autumn fall leaves to April to May of the next year, choose 1~2 years old branches, cut into 20cm long cuttings, insert the whole planting bed according to the row spacing 25×15 cm, and expose the ground 1/ 3.
3. Rooting and propagation: When transplanting and planting, the long and main roots of the plant are cut and cut into 15~20cm small sections. In the whole good seedbed, the row spacing is 25cm and the depth is 7cm. Planted in the ditch, with a spacing of 10 cm, covered with soil compaction, watering, seedling height of 10 cm, timely removal of mites, and pay attention to cultivating weeding.
4. Roots and reproduction: The roots of the toon have many adventitious buds. In the natural environment, some young saplings are often sprouted around the crown, and new plants can be excavated. However, natural sprouting is limited, and artificial root-breaking tillers can be used for breeding. The method: after thawing in early spring, before germination, there is a canopy outer edge, digging a groove of 50-60 cm, cutting the roots slightly, filling the ditch with soil, which can stimulate the formation of a large number of seedlings at the apex of the root, germination of new plants, Can be transplanted.
Seedling management technology of camphor
1. Preparation of seedbed: Select sand loam with flat terrain, fertile soil and good drainage to make seedbed, apply 4000 kg of organic fertilizer, spread and plow, fine and flat, 1.2 m wide, deep ditch and high. Seed sowing, according to the line spacing 20 cm open shallow ditch 5 cm, the bottom of the ditch is poured into the bottom of the water, after infiltration, will germination of the seeds of the bud, evenly spread in the ditch, dry seed 1.5 ~ 2 kg per acre, cover soil 2 ~ 3 Centimeter, then cover the mulch with the enamel cover, and the cover is tightly compacted to increase the ground temperature and emerge early.
2. Seedling management
(1) After the seeds are sown and emerged, the mulch film is removed immediately in the evening, and watering is performed once, taking care to keep the glutinous surface moist.
(2) Time and seedlings, even seedlings, remove too dense and mixed seedlings, weak seedlings, diseased seedlings, retaining plant spacing 3 to 5 cm, combined with the removal of field weeds, chasing diammonium phosphate 10 kg per acre, pouring once Water permeable, shallow loose soil, be careful not to hurt the roots.
(3) Interplanting seedlings. From late May to early June, when 4 to 6 true leaves of seedlings are 8 to 10 cm high, in order to improve the light and soil nutrient conditions of the seedlings, the seedlings should be transplanted, and the distance is 10 to 15 cm. The principle of staying strong and fine. One day before the seedlings, the water was poured through the surface, so that the seedlings were less damaged, and the strong seedlings were planted at a distance of 25×15 cm. The plants were transplanted in time to a good seedbed, and the root water was poured to promote the living tree.
(4) After transplanting live trees and cuttings into young plants, timely apply fertilizer water, cultivating and weeding, and promoting seedling growth. In the later stage, through topping, spraying paclobutrazol or fertilizer management, the plant height is controlled, the plant shape is adjusted, the nutrient storage of seedlings is increased, and the formation of full buds is promoted.
This article URL: The breeding method and seedling management technology of Toona sinensis
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