The guinea fowls should be transferred to the laying hens after 25 weeks of age, and they should be eliminated at about 66 weeks of age. The layer hens will live for 41 weeks in the hen house. The period of egg production is the period of income during the whole breeding period of breeders. Any negligence in feeding and management will directly affect the production performance and economic benefits of breeders.
First, the use of caged pearl chicken breeders using cage culture and artificial insemination technology is essential. In artificial insemination, male and female breeders are kept separately. If the free-breeding natural mating method is used, the fertilization rate of its egg is only about 30%. With the artificial insemination technique, the fertilization rate can reach 87%-88%, and the hatching rate of the fertilized egg can reach 83%. Therefore, breeding cages are much better than cages. The guinea fowl breeding cages generally use 2 or 3 layers full ladder cages, raising 2 per cage, which facilitates sperm sampling and insemination.
Second, the environment suitable environmental conditions (mainly refers to light, temperature, management status, health conditions, etc.) have a great impact on the egg production rate of guinea fowl. Creating and providing suitable environmental conditions are conducive to giving full play to the egg production performance of guinea fowl. When the environmental conditions deteriorate, the egg production rate will drastically drop. Especially in the late stage of production, the harsh environment will change feed and scrape. Wind and rain, shortening the light, chasing chickens in chicken coops, etc., will lead to a significant decline in egg production or even stop production in advance. Then it will cause the ovary of the hens and the fall of the fallopian tubes. Sexual activity will stop and it will take at least 1 to 2 months to resume egg production. In winter, when the weather is cold and the temperature in the house is low, it takes longer for the hens to resume production after they have stopped production, about 3 to 4 months. Therefore, it is very necessary to provide and create a comfortable and comfortable egg production environment for laying hens. In general, the suitable environmental conditions for laying hens are: Shelter temperature is generally 15°C~25°C, relative humidity 50%~ 60%, 14 to 16 hours of light per day, light intensity per square meter of 2 to 3 watts, breeding density per square meter of 8 to 10 (cage raising). Guinea fowl in different seasons, its management is also different, when the weather is cold, the chicken house must be insulated, increase the feeding of high-energy feed, but also pay attention to increase the content of green feed and vitamins, add light time. When the day is hot, it is necessary to provide adequate clean drinking water, increase ventilation in the house, accelerate the loss of excessive heat in the chicken body and the house, and increase calcium supplementation in the diet so as to avoid the low intake of hot food. Causing calcium deficiency.
Third, feeding feeds for mixed-breeding breeders should be comprehensive in their nutrition. They cannot feed single feeds or feed only feeds with high energy and low protein content, such as corn and rice. Feeding such feeds will cause hens to become obese and spawn fewer eggs. It is required that the variety of feed should be rich and varied, and animal protein feed should account for 15% to 20%. Pay attention to vitamins, minerals and other nutrients. In the feed should also be added 5% of shell powder or limestone powder, and 3% of bone meal. The lack of calcium, phosphorus and other substances in the feed, each chicken is easy to produce soft shell eggs and thin shell eggs, egg production will also be significantly reduced. The feed for the breeding period of breeders can also use the full-priced pellet feed for common laying birds. The feed metabolizable energy is 11700 kJ/kg, and the crude protein is 46%, which can basically meet the needs of various nutrients during the egg production of guinea pigs. Before the start of production, the number of feedings should be controlled according to the body condition. At the beginning of the laying period, it is usually fed 3 to 4 times a day and any chicken is allowed to feed freely. The hens started production about 28 weeks of age, and the egg production rate of 31 to 32 weeks of age could reach 50%, and reached the peak of egg production at 35 weeks of age. A cock can produce qualified semen at about 32 weeks of age. The first production period of breeders was high, with an average annual egg production of 170 eggs per animal, of which 158 eggs could be hatched, 140 eggs were fertilized and 115 chicks were obtained. The hatching rate was 83%. After the first egg production period, its production performance gradually declined.
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