Zhushan Yangyang has emerged in rural areas in recent years as the development of the bamboo industry, a feeding mode using grazing resources under the bamboo forest to raise sheep. Zhushan sheep has obvious advantages: First, ecological advantages. Zhushan has fresh air, abundant sunshine, rich wild forage resources, a wide range of activities, fewer diseases, and a high survival rate. The meat mutton kept is tender, delicious, and has high nutritional value. The second is environmental advantages. The sheep eats some of the weeds on the ground of the Zhushan Mountain and retains the underground grass roots. It can not only conserve water, prevent soil erosion, but also achieve the purpose of weeding; at the same time, sheep manure is naturally discharged into the bamboo forest and provides high-quality organic fertilizer for the bamboo forest, resulting in abundant harvest of bamboo shoots. To avoid environmental pollution. The third is the combination of forestry and animal husbandry. Zhushan Yangyang makes the long-term benefits of planting bamboo complementary to the short-term benefits of raising sheep. Before Zhushan has no income, raising sheep can make money. Moreover, Zhushan has high survival rate and good growth because of the management. Therefore, Zhushan Yangyang is a good way for farmers in the southern Zhulin area to shake off poverty and become rich. The technical highlights are as follows: 1. The choice of Zhushan and the construction of the sheep pen 1.1 Zhushan's choice must be a certain distance from the village, convenient transportation, adequate light, wild grass growing densely, with sufficient drinking water, slope below 45, every 667 square feet There are about 100 meters of bamboo. At the same time, consideration must be given to the possible negative impact of the flock on the surrounding crops. 1.2 The construction site of the sheep pen should be selected in the central section of Zhushan. It should be sheltered from the wind, and the river should be sheltered from the bleak wind. The drainage is convenient. It faces the south and faces the south. It is arranged in a rectangular shape and is built with earth walls or bricks, cement tiles or asbestos, etc. and is 2 to 2.5m high. The floor of the tower is floor-leaked, and the size of the sheep is determined by the number of sheep and the development goals. General sheep house requires door width 3m, occupying an area of ​​1 ~ 1.2 square meters / only, sheep bed from the ground 1.5 ~ 1.8m, sheep bed with 7 ~ 10cm wide bamboo nails lay flat, bamboo leaves 1 ~ 1.5cm wide Clearance. Housing fences such as pregnant ewe fences, nursing belts, and meat and sheep fences are installed and grass racks and troughs are installed. There is a playground outside the home, and a pergola is set up at one end of the playground to set up grass racks and troughs, surrounded by walls or fences. 2 Variety selection and herd structure 2.1 Selection of varieties The varieties with strong adaptability to high mountain steep slopes, good growth performance, short feeding period, and high economic benefit should be selected. Generally choose multiple births, maternal good, early maturing, four seasons heat, the larger individual local goat as a female parent, and high-quality rams such as Nanjiang Huangyang, Boer goats and other hybrids. 2.2 The flock structure groups should not be too large. The scale of breeding must proceed from the actual conditions of the Zhushan area, the amount of grassy grasses, and their own funds and management experience. We must not blindly seek for large projects and eager for quick success. The general scale is 100 to 150 per group. In the flock, the breeding ewes must be dominant, and the proportion of ewes should reach 65% to 70%, of which the energy ewes account for more than 50% and the ratio of males and females 1:20 to 30. The rams should be replaced regularly to avoid near cross. 3 Breeding Management Techniques 3.1 Rotational grazing in order to rationally use the resources of Zhushan grassland to increase the amount of livestock carried and to reduce the chance of parasitic infections. Zhushan for grazing should use pits, mountains and roads according to the topography and terrain and the growth of pasture in different seasons. Zhushan is divided into several regions, each plot is grazing for 3 to 5 days, and then let it rest for 30 to 40 days before replaying the animal husbandry. In general, Zhushan grassland can graze 2 to 3 sheep/d for every 667 square meters, and 5 to 7 sheep/d can be grazing for every 667 square meters (mu) of intercropping grasses. Generally, goats do not eat or trample bamboo shoots. However, in Zhushan where grasses are late, grow slowly, or have sparse pastures, each year they are frightened until the rain comes out. It is not advisable to arrange for grazing so that the sheep do not eat grass and bite bamboo shoots. 3.2 Interplanting pasture grassland is dominated by grasses, and legume grasses are lacking, and the yield is low and the quality is poor. Therefore, legume grasses should be interplanted in Zhushan to increase the amount of livestock. Generally, the newly planted Zhushan can be interplanted with high yield alfalfa and hybrid pennisetum. Laozhu Mountain can be combined with 2 to 3 years/times of autumn and winter to rehabilitate the opportunity. Perennial ryegrass etc. 3.3 Scientific Grazing Zhushan can be grazing all year round, but in different seasons, due to differences in climate characteristics, grass quality, and herd condition, the situation should be divided and treated differently. Every year from December to April of the following year, due to the changing climate and cold, there are few forages that can be eaten, and most of the ewes are in the period of pregnancy or lambing and lactation. Choose Zhushanli, which is near the sheep house and is leeward, so that when the climate changes suddenly, it can promptly return the sheep to the sheep house for supplementation. To survive the critical period of security, grazing should be early and return early. Before the grazing, good hay for the sheep should be provided. In the absence of supplementary feeding conditions, the sheep are rushed to a place where there is a sub-grass grazing every day, and then they are placed in Zhushan where there is grass. After the Ching Ming period, the weather gradually warmed, the pastures returned to green, and the grazing came early and late, gradually increasing the grazing distance and allowing the sheep to eat as much as possible. During the summer and fall of May to November, the pasture is lush, and flowering and seeding, with high nutritional value, is a good time for catching earthworms. However, the weather is hot, and there are many mosquitoes in the bamboo forest, which is detrimental to grazing. Therefore, you should choose Zhushan, which is located on the top of the mountain or has a high topography, convenient drinking water and good ventilation. Grazing should be early and late, make full use of the cool morning and evening, at noon due to hot weather, the sheep should be rushed to the circle or ventilated, dense bamboo forest place to rest. The mosquitoes in Chusan are active in the evening. After 16:00, the flock should be rushed to open and ventilated bamboo hills for grazing, or rush to other grassland for grazing, and do not grazing in low-lying bamboo forests. After the frost had fallen, the weather turned cold. To prevent the sheep from eating frost and grass, they should return home early and leave at noon. The conditional sheep-raising households are better off doing grazing with males and females and young adults. For grazing herds, rams must be properly managed during grazing, and care should be taken to take care of pregnant ewes and lambs. When grazing, it is necessary to walk steadily and slowly, and to prevent crowding when entering a circumstance. When grazing, a “whiplash†method should be adopted to grazing, and when it reaches the grazing land and the flocks naturally disperse and automatically grazing, the grazing method is replaced by the “starry sky†grazing method. During the grazing period, the flock should be frequently inspected, and the sheep found resting in the ground should be vigorously promoted and encouraged to feed more, especially the lambs should pay attention to prevent colds and diarrhea. At the same time, we must pay attention to the observation of estrus in the ewes and timely breeding. 3.4 Ensure sufficient drinking water and salt water The goat's daily drinking capacity is 3 to 5L. The water for drinking must be clean. At the same time, it is necessary to avoid fasting drinking water, drinking water, and slush water, especially pregnant ewes and lambs. It is best to put it in front of it, drink it in the morning, drink warm water in the winter, and drink well water in the summer. Goats need 5 to 15g of salt per day, salt can be placed in the trough or a special salt tank for sheep to feed freely, can also be added to the medium or drinking water to stir. 3.5 Appropriate supplements must be supplemented except for the four seasons of grazing. In particular, breeding male and female ewes, pregnant and nursing ewes and lambs in the mating season cannot rely solely on grazing and must be given appropriate feeding to increase nutrition. Supplementation In addition to supply supplements, minerals and trace elements such as bone meal and hay and green succulent feeds are added. Feeding needs to be done before grassing, feed after the animal husbandry; feed into the trough, grass on the shelves, less feed Tim Tim, do not feed moldy, frozen material. 4 Careful fattening, timely slaughter Every autumn, the castrated lamb born in the same year and the ewes losing breeding value are to be fattened for 3 to 4 months in a timely manner. This will be sold when the winter lamb is consumed during the busy season. This shortens the rearing period and accelerates. Flock turnover, lightening grassland pressure and improving the quality of lamb are effective ways to increase the efficiency of raising sheep. Pre-fatification, stomach and epidemic prevention, mainly grazing in the early stage, grasping the autumn crop, reducing the cost, and reducing the exercise in the last month, according to the sheep's age, individual size, male and female, etc. 10 to 20, each day, each sheep feed concentrate about 0.5kg, and the right amount of salt, bone meal and additives, so that the sheep drink enough water. If conditions permit, they can feed some hay or green feed at night to allow the sheep to feed freely; the last one week should be fed with small amount of high-quality green hay, green and blue succulent feeds and concentrates. When the sheep is fattened to touch their backs, thighs, and festivals with a sense of heavy meat, they are sold in stages according to market conditions. 5 Doing a good job of prevention and control of goats The disease-resistant goats are more resistant to diseases, and are not easily detected at the early stage of disease. Once clinical symptoms appear, the disease has become quite serious. Therefore, it is necessary to adhere to the principle of "prevention first, and prevention and emphasis on governance." 5.1 Insist on self-cultivation and self-cultivation The introduction of breeding sheep from other places requires strict quarantine and isolation observation. After confirming that there are no infectious diseases, they may enter the farm after being dewormed and immunized. 5.2 Strengthen the management and sanitization of sheep houses to keep it cool in winter and cool in summer, without leakage or moisture. Clean sheepskins every day, change grass bedding, regularly sterilize, regularly remove manure, keep clean, dry and well ventilated. Do a good job of repelling and killing mosquitoes in summer and autumn. Spray insecticides such as deltamethrin and DDT once a week on the sheep house and the surrounding environment. Mosquito-repellent incense or dried leaf and dry stalks are used at night in the sheep house. Amount of smoked insect repellent. In the winter and spring before the animal husbandry, first open the doors and windows of the sheep house in the direction of the leeward, and lightly chase the sheep only in the house for proper activities. When the temperature inside and outside the house is similar, then release the sheep. Rainy weather grazing should be early to return late, and the sheep can be rested and rested when the sheep are dry after harvesting, especially for lambs. Observe the state of the sheep's spirit, diet, exercise, feces, etc., and find abnormalities and timely checkups. 5.3 Periodic deworming and immunization Each year, 2 to 3, 6 to 7 and 10 to 11 months of each year, a total group of preventive deworming is performed. Drugs can use albendazole, ivermectin and so on. After treatment 2 ~ 3d with rhubarb soda for stomach. Vaccination work should be done in accordance with the immunization procedure. Vaccinations such as sheeppox disease, Wulian vaccine and infectious pleuropneumonia should be conducted. 5.4 Drugs to prevent ewes feeding lamb's milk brown sugar water on the day of lambing and injecting antibiotics and oxytocin to promote uterine recovery and prevent postpartum infection; lambs drip 1 to 2 mL of berberine injection or 1 mL of gentamicin before eating colostrum. 3 to 4 days old intramuscular injection of selenium containing blood serum and VB12 each 1mL, to prevent lamb dysentery and prevent anemia; hot summer for 2 to 3 times a week to drink Houttuynia, light bamboo leaves, plantain grass soup, the amount of fried Water to the residue plus a little salt on behalf of drinking water Beverage Service. To clear away heat, detoxify, and relieve heat.
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