Factors affecting fruit sweetness
I. Variety factors
The sweetness of different varieties of fruit is not the same. Dragon fruit is now a variety of mixed varieties, according to the time of R & D planting can be divided into old and new varieties. We visited and observed that the sweetness of Jindu, Dahong, and crystals is higher than that of old varieties. According to the data collected last year, we can see that the sweetness of Jindu and Dahong can reach about 20%, and some old varieties are sweet. The degree is only about 15%.
Second, climate factors
Climate factors are one of the factors that affect the sweetness of fruits.
1. Illumination Because only when the light is sufficient and the temperature is suitable, the plant can perform normal photosynthesis, thus producing a large amount of starch, sugar and other substances. Therefore, the fruit has a higher degree of sweetness in areas with long light hours.
2, the temperature difference between day and night plants also need to exercise at night, the consumption of nutrients produced during the day, if the temperature difference between day and night, the night temperature is too low, plant respiration weakened, less energy consumption, the accumulation of substances will also increase. Therefore, in regions with large temperature difference between day and night, the sweetness of fruits is generally higher.
3. Rainfall Rainfall is a key factor affecting the sweetness of fruit, and adequate rainfall can ensure normal photosynthesis of plants. However, if the fruit matures and absorbs too much water due to rainfall or irrigation, it will dilute the sugar content in the fruit, thereby reducing the fruit sweetness.
Third, nutrient elements
Nutrients are an essential factor in fruit growth. For example, phosphorus is the main component of nucleic acid in the organism, and it is also the main element of crop energy metabolism. Therefore, phosphate fertilizer can promote the formation of nutrients and fruit ripening. Potash fertilizer can promote the formation and transportation of sugar. Therefore, in the middle and late stages of fruit ripening, the demand for phosphorus and potassium is large.
Fourth, the health of the tree
The degree of fruit sweetness is closely related to the health of the green parts of the plant. The whole body of dragon fruit can be used for photosynthesis in all parts of the green. One of the important functions of photosynthesis is the manufacture of glycosaminoglycans, various types of organic acids, and other elements. During the fruiting period, the fruits are directly supplied for fruit growth. The quality of the shoots is related to the growth conditions before the flowering period. The plant growth stage is highly efficient. The more branches, the more nutrients are made, and the better the tree's ability to store nutrients, the better the quality of the fruit.
How to increase fruit sweetness
1, improve the soil
If the soil is loose, fertile, slightly acidic or neutral, the fruit will be sweet; the soil will become thick and acidic and the fruit acidity will increase. Shallow ploughing and microbial organic fertilizers can be applied to improve the soil aggregate structure and increase fertility. The fully fermented organic fertilizer after fermentation is one of the important measures to increase the sugar content of the fruit.
2, a reasonable fertilization
During the fruiting period, sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and trace elements should be provided to ensure the necessary nutrients for fruit growth and maturity.
Root dressing: the main application of high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer and balanced water-soluble fertilizer to supplement nutrients during the fruiting period will help improve the fruit quality and increase the sweetness;
Foliage topdressing: fruit coloring foliar spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate, usually two sprays is good, helps the fruit mature earlier and increase the sweetness.
3, scientific management
Reasonable sparse flowering and thinning fruit can make the amount of fruit on fruit trees and the ratio of leaf to fruit be relatively large. At the same time, it can make the tree body airy and transparent, have good light conditions, improve the efficiency of photosynthesis, and do a good job of prevention and control of pests and diseases, increase the efficiency of energy efficiency. Accounting for increased photosynthesis, increased dry matter accumulation, and increased fruit sweetness.
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