Key technology for high yield of autumn peanuts

After the autumn peanuts enter the flowering lower needle period, the vegetative growth and reproductive growth are prosperous, the fertilizer requirement is obviously increased, and the nitrogen fixation ability of the root nodules is also enhanced. Usually, the base fertilizer is sufficient and the growth is healthy. At this time, nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer may not be applied. But pay attention to the addition of phosphate fertilizer and calcium fertilizer. The test proves that the “phosphorus and calcium supplementation” of the autumn peanut flowering period has a significant effect on improving yield and improving quality.

First, increase phosphorus

Phosphate fertilizer has the function of improving the resistance of peanuts, promoting early maturity, increasing yield and improving quality. However, due to the slower dissolution of phosphate fertilizer in the soil and the shorter growth period of autumn peanuts, the utilization of phosphorus is much lower than that of nitrogen and potassium. Therefore, timely application of quick-acting phosphate fertilizer to meet the needs of peanut growth and development of phosphorus nutrition plays an important role. The method is as follows: firstly, the superphosphate is soaked in water for 24 hours, and the filtrate is mixed with water to form a 2-3% aqueous solution of superphosphate, and sprayed 60-75 kg per mu (1 mu = 1/15 ha). Foliar spray of phosphorus should be carried out on sunny days after 4 pm or on cloudy days. Spray to the surface with dripping water. Generally, spray once every 7-10 days, even spray 2-3 times.

 

Second, calcium supplementation

Autumn peanuts are very sensitive to calcium fertilizer. Adding lime to the base fertilizer can promote root development, regulate soil pH, and facilitate the absorption of phosphorus and potassium. However, due to the poor mobility of calcium absorbed in the early stage of the plant, it is rarely transported to the fruit, which cannot meet the needs of full and full pods. Therefore, it is necessary to pay attention to the application of lime during the flowering down period to ensure the demand for calcium during the full fruiting period. Studies have shown that the fruit needle is placed in the soil for 15-25 days, which is the critical period for the development of pods. Therefore, in the autumn peanuts, the cultivating soil is combined with the cultivating soil, and a certain amount of lime is applied to the fruit pods. Generally, 30-40 per acre is applied. Kilograms can effectively reduce empty granules and increase the rate of kernels.

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