Potatoes are sowed from seed potatoes, soil tillage, fertilization, cultivating tillage till a series of physiological activities. The purpose of potato cultivation is to obtain good quality and high yield of tubers. Therefore, according to the characteristics of physiological activity during the growth and development of potatoes, it is necessary to take appropriate agronomic measures in order to regulate the yield formation process. The growth process of potato is generally divided into five periods and the regularity of growth in three stages. After potato tubers are harvested, they are placed in conditions suitable for germination and they do not germinate for a long time. This phenomenon is called physiological natural dormancy and is the adaptability of plants to adverse environments. The length of the dormancy period is related to the storage of tubers and whether they can germinate in time after sowing. This issue is particularly important in the second quarter. In the second quarter of the summer season, the species with short resting periods should be selected. The dormancy period of tubers is affected by the storage temperature. The dormancy period of tubers at 0-4°C is greatly prolonged, while at 25°C, the different dormancy periods vary from 1 month to 3 months. The reason for the dormancy of potato tuber buds is believed to be due to the production of polyphenol-inhibiting substances such as abscisic acid that inhibit growth cones in the interior of the tuber and inhibit the activity of β-amylase and ribonuclease. This inhibition is exactly the opposite of gibberellin. Another example is the early discovery of chlorogenic acid in the tuber skin, dehydration of chicken acid and caffeic acid. The caffeic acid accumulates during tuber maturation, thus inhibiting the growth process. At the time of germination, caffeic acid completely disappears and chlorogenic acid increases, thereby stimulating the growth process. The dormancy of potato tubers is determined by the direction of enzyme activity and is closely related to environmental conditions.
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