Q: What are the hazards to crops caused by low temperature and frost damage in ice and snow?
Answer: After the crop suffers cold damage and frost damage, it will suffer direct or indirect injury to varying degrees.
Destruction of cell structure. Low temperatures below 0°C disrupt the permeability of the plasma membrane and allow extravasation of electrolytes in the membrane. In severe cases, the membrane freezes inside and outside, leading to local necrosis or death of the whole plant.
Low temperature inhibits growth. Low temperature will inhibit the growth of greenhouse vegetables or overwintering crops, such as the growth of greenhouse strawberry when the temperature is below 6°C.
Pests and diseases. The conditions of low temperature, high humidity, and low illumination caused by greenhouse insulation can make the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the crop unbalanced. The plants grow thin and weak, and they are prone to lodging and infection.
Delay farming time. Cold waves or snow and ice disasters can cause the overwintering crops to turn green and the spring crops to be sown late, resulting in production cuts at different levels.
Q: What are the positive responses to cryogenic damage and ice and snow disasters?
Answer: The main prevention measures include:
Clear the backlog of ice and snow. In the event of severe ice and snow disasters, the ice and snow accumulated on overwintering crops, dried fruit trees, and vegetable greenhouses must first be removed to restore normal production or growth.
Cover crops or earth. For field crops such as winter wheat and wintering rapeseed, they can cover the straw or remove a layer of soil miscellaneous fertilizer; cover the fruit trees with soil and then cover with a layer of straw or hay, especially the newly grafted seedlings, to cultivate soil or cover the grafted part. .
Strengthen greenhouse warming measures. For greenhouse vegetables, it is necessary to seal the plastic film of the greenhouse, cover it with a small shed in the shed, and use charcoal for heating in the greenhouse. If necessary, install reflectors, high-watt bulbs or use biogas lamps to warm the greenhouse.
Strengthen water and fertilizer management. The temperature of water is relatively stable. Before winter, based on the improvement of land formation quality and irrigation quality, proper irrigation of winter water is beneficial to the safe wintering of wheat and the prevention of late spring cold. Reasonable fertilization, especially the appropriate application of organic and potassium fertilizers, is beneficial to the cultivation of strong seedlings. Improving the cold-resistance of crops; cultivating loose soil also helps increase soil temperature and reduce water evaporation.
Strengthen pest control. The low-temperature and high-humidity conditions caused by closed management of greenhouses make it easy to breed diseases and insect pests such as damping-off, damping-off, gray mold, and worms. On the basis of comprehensive management, it is necessary to conduct chemical control in a timely manner.
Prevent "flash sprouts" in early spring. The vegetables or rice seedlings in greenhouses suddenly ventilate or suffer from strong light when warmed up in the early spring, and will be wilted due to water loss in the plants. They can be prevented by appropriate sequential uncovering, proper control of nitrogenous fertilizer, irrigation, or spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Flash seedlings, nurturing strong seedlings.
Q: What regions and crops in our country are vulnerable to frost damage? How to control?
A: The freeze damage here refers to ice, snow, frost, frost damage and low temperature damage, but mainly refers to freezing and freezing. The affected areas cover most areas of China, especially winter wheat that is late sown or prosperous in the north. Rice, wheat, rape and citrus trees in the Yangtze River Valley and greenhouses (or greenhouses) in the country are the most vulnerable. In addition to the winter, the spring cold in early spring is also a serious threat to overwintering crops and greenhouse vegetables.
Victimization
Winter snowfall has both advantages and disadvantages for wheat. The main benefits are to alleviate the drought in wheat in dry areas, control the growth of wheat, and reduce pests and diseases. The main drawbacks are freezing and dead seedlings in wheat fields that have been sown early and over-promoted in parts of the north and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, especially the main stems and giant salamanders. In the area of ​​rice and buckwheat, freezing damage and waterlogging coexist. In addition, the spring cold in early spring will also affect the return of green wheat, get up and jointing.
Prevention
According to local conditions, the classification of fertilizer and water management of wheat. For the wheat fields that are still alive, they should timely apply chemical fertilizers in the green period to promote the growth and development of the young pods, and apply 5-10 kg of urea per acre. The wheat fields lacking phosphorus can be used together with diammonium phosphate or superphosphate; Better wheat field, fertilize the fertilizer and apply irrigation without irrigation; in the absence of fertilizer, it can be fertilized after irrigation, applying 10 kg of urea per mu during the jointing period; Normal management, early spring to strengthen the cultivator, heat preservation, and promote seedling stability; sowing date late in the year, the group lack of wheat, do not rush to water in early spring, should be cultivating loose soil, increase ground temperature or suppress security; there is a long trend In wheat fields, plant growth inhibitors such as Zhuangfengan and paclobutrazol can be sprayed during the initial period; in the southern rice and buckwheat areas, the “three channels (gap, waistline, and gutter)†is to be excavated in time in order to achieve the same channel. Prevent or reduce waterlogging; control pests, weeds and late lodging. Focus on the prevention and control of wheat stripe rust, sheath blight, head blight, powdery mildew and midge, wheat aphid, wheat spider and other pests and diseases; prevention of wild oats, aegilops, brome and other wild wheat and vicious weeds.
Answer: After the crop suffers cold damage and frost damage, it will suffer direct or indirect injury to varying degrees.
Destruction of cell structure. Low temperatures below 0°C disrupt the permeability of the plasma membrane and allow extravasation of electrolytes in the membrane. In severe cases, the membrane freezes inside and outside, leading to local necrosis or death of the whole plant.
Low temperature inhibits growth. Low temperature will inhibit the growth of greenhouse vegetables or overwintering crops, such as the growth of greenhouse strawberry when the temperature is below 6°C.
Pests and diseases. The conditions of low temperature, high humidity, and low illumination caused by greenhouse insulation can make the carbon and nitrogen metabolism of the crop unbalanced. The plants grow thin and weak, and they are prone to lodging and infection.
Delay farming time. Cold waves or snow and ice disasters can cause the overwintering crops to turn green and the spring crops to be sown late, resulting in production cuts at different levels.
Q: What are the positive responses to cryogenic damage and ice and snow disasters?
Answer: The main prevention measures include:
Clear the backlog of ice and snow. In the event of severe ice and snow disasters, the ice and snow accumulated on overwintering crops, dried fruit trees, and vegetable greenhouses must first be removed to restore normal production or growth.
Cover crops or earth. For field crops such as winter wheat and wintering rapeseed, they can cover the straw or remove a layer of soil miscellaneous fertilizer; cover the fruit trees with soil and then cover with a layer of straw or hay, especially the newly grafted seedlings, to cultivate soil or cover the grafted part. .
Strengthen greenhouse warming measures. For greenhouse vegetables, it is necessary to seal the plastic film of the greenhouse, cover it with a small shed in the shed, and use charcoal for heating in the greenhouse. If necessary, install reflectors, high-watt bulbs or use biogas lamps to warm the greenhouse.
Strengthen water and fertilizer management. The temperature of water is relatively stable. Before winter, based on the improvement of land formation quality and irrigation quality, proper irrigation of winter water is beneficial to the safe wintering of wheat and the prevention of late spring cold. Reasonable fertilization, especially the appropriate application of organic and potassium fertilizers, is beneficial to the cultivation of strong seedlings. Improving the cold-resistance of crops; cultivating loose soil also helps increase soil temperature and reduce water evaporation.
Strengthen pest control. The low-temperature and high-humidity conditions caused by closed management of greenhouses make it easy to breed diseases and insect pests such as damping-off, damping-off, gray mold, and worms. On the basis of comprehensive management, it is necessary to conduct chemical control in a timely manner.
Prevent "flash sprouts" in early spring. The vegetables or rice seedlings in greenhouses suddenly ventilate or suffer from strong light when warmed up in the early spring, and will be wilted due to water loss in the plants. They can be prevented by appropriate sequential uncovering, proper control of nitrogenous fertilizer, irrigation, or spraying of potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Flash seedlings, nurturing strong seedlings.
Q: What regions and crops in our country are vulnerable to frost damage? How to control?
A: The freeze damage here refers to ice, snow, frost, frost damage and low temperature damage, but mainly refers to freezing and freezing. The affected areas cover most areas of China, especially winter wheat that is late sown or prosperous in the north. Rice, wheat, rape and citrus trees in the Yangtze River Valley and greenhouses (or greenhouses) in the country are the most vulnerable. In addition to the winter, the spring cold in early spring is also a serious threat to overwintering crops and greenhouse vegetables.
Victimization
Winter snowfall has both advantages and disadvantages for wheat. The main benefits are to alleviate the drought in wheat in dry areas, control the growth of wheat, and reduce pests and diseases. The main drawbacks are freezing and dead seedlings in wheat fields that have been sown early and over-promoted in parts of the north and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, especially the main stems and giant salamanders. In the area of ​​rice and buckwheat, freezing damage and waterlogging coexist. In addition, the spring cold in early spring will also affect the return of green wheat, get up and jointing.
Prevention
According to local conditions, the classification of fertilizer and water management of wheat. For the wheat fields that are still alive, they should timely apply chemical fertilizers in the green period to promote the growth and development of the young pods, and apply 5-10 kg of urea per acre. The wheat fields lacking phosphorus can be used together with diammonium phosphate or superphosphate; Better wheat field, fertilize the fertilizer and apply irrigation without irrigation; in the absence of fertilizer, it can be fertilized after irrigation, applying 10 kg of urea per mu during the jointing period; Normal management, early spring to strengthen the cultivator, heat preservation, and promote seedling stability; sowing date late in the year, the group lack of wheat, do not rush to water in early spring, should be cultivating loose soil, increase ground temperature or suppress security; there is a long trend In wheat fields, plant growth inhibitors such as Zhuangfengan and paclobutrazol can be sprayed during the initial period; in the southern rice and buckwheat areas, the “three channels (gap, waistline, and gutter)†is to be excavated in time in order to achieve the same channel. Prevent or reduce waterlogging; control pests, weeds and late lodging. Focus on the prevention and control of wheat stripe rust, sheath blight, head blight, powdery mildew and midge, wheat aphid, wheat spider and other pests and diseases; prevention of wild oats, aegilops, brome and other wild wheat and vicious weeds.
A medium-sized ear of corn provides more than 10% of our daily dietary fiber requirements. Rich dietary fiber can help the body to carry out a rapid metabolism function, but also can make a strong sense of satiety.
The same amount of corn is lower in calories than rice, contains natural rather than added sugar, and is high in fiber, which can help gastrointestinal digestion, and has more vitamins, so it is a good food worth eating more. However, there is a limit to what you eat, and the food that will not gain weight will make you fat if you eat too much, at least, it will not make you thin. It can only be said that relatively speaking, eating corn is much healthier than eating those high-calorie snacks, and it is not easy to gain weight.
Moreover, the large amount of natural vitamin E contained in fresh corn has the functions of promoting cell division, delaying cell aging, lowering serum cholesterol, preventing skin lesions, and reducing the symptoms of arteriosclerosis and brain function decline.
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