Rapeseed is a phosphorus-producing crop, and its demand for phosphorus is more than double that of cereal crops and it is sensitive to phosphorus. Mild phosphorus-deficient rapeseed has slow growth and development. Although it can convulsing and flowering, it has few branches, fewer pods, less grain, and more grains. When phosphorus is severely deficient, the roots grow poorly, the leaves become smaller, the mesophyll becomes thicker, the middle and lower leaves are dull, the leaves are dark purple, the veins are purple, the upper leaves are dark green and gray, the leaves are shriveled and erect, unable to spread flat, and some plants will gradually wither. death. The application of phosphate fertilizer in rapeseed has obvious effect on yield increase. According to the experiment, rapeseed has applied 0.9 kg of rapeseed per kilogram of increased rapeseed yield, applied calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer to increase 1.2 kilograms of rapeseed per kilogram, and applied phosphate rock powder to increase yield of rapeseed 0.4 to 0.6 per kilogram. kilogram.
Although the uptake of phosphorus by rape was the most during the flowering stage, the application of phosphorus was the best at the seedling stage in view of the utilization rate of phosphorus fertilizer and the effect of increasing yield. The experimental study showed that the utilization rate of phosphorus before the 2-leaf stage of rape was 17.3%, while the utilization rate of phosphorus application before the bolting period was 8.5%. The rapeseed yield was only 27.4% of the previous phosphorus application at the 2-leaf stage. Since phosphorus can be used repeatedly in rapeseed, the earlier the absorption period, the greater the efficiency. Early application of phosphate fertilizer can increase the concentration of plant cell fluid, enhance the ability of cold resistance, and resist freezing injury, so as to ensure safe winter rapeseed. It can also promote the early growth period, and can increase the oil content of 0.5% to 2.4%.
Therefore, phosphate fertilizer should be applied early to be used as seed bed base fertilizer and seed fertilizer or transplanting for a fixed root fertilizer application. Phosphorus should not be applied during sowing time. It should be applied before the 5 leaf stage. The sooner the effect is, the better. Phosphate fertilizer consumption is generally 20-25 kg per mus of superphosphate or calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer. Soils with severe phosphorus deficiency or soils with more nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in appropriate amounts. The root system of rapeseed has a special ability to absorb phosphorus. Generally, the phosphate fertilizer which is difficult to use in crops has a good fertilizer effect on rapeseed. Therefore, rapeseed can be applied to acidic soil and a type of delayed phosphate fertilizer can be applied.
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