Cucumber planting area ranks first among melon vegetables. Through protected cultivation, cucumber can be produced on an annual basis and supplied in a balanced manner. It is one of the main high-yield vegetables cultivated in greenhouses and plastic greenhouses. It is a major vegetable variety for processing and export.

High-yield cultivation techniques:

First, soil selection

It is advisable to choose sandy loam with good drainage, rich in organic matter, good water retention and good fertility. The pH of the soil is good at ph6.5-7.5, and should not be continuous with melon crops.

Second, sowing seedlings and colonization

In early spring, cucumber should be soaked and germinated for sowing. The method is to immerse in warm water of 50 ° C for 10 minutes before sowing, and then dip for 4-6 hours under the condition that the water is naturally cooled. After picking up, wrap it in a damp cloth and put it in a warm place or incubator (25-30 ° C). Within the germination. During the germination period, the water should be changed once in the morning and evening, and the seedlings should be sown when the buds are 1-1.5 cm long. After sowing, the plastic film is used to cover the cold. If the seedlings are concentrated in a nutrient cup, a nutrition plate or a nutrient block, the seedling age is 15-25 days, and it is planted on a sunny afternoon.畦 1.5-2.0 m wide trench, double row planting, planting density of 16-20 cm. The live broadcast can be appropriately increased in density, and the seedlings should be released after the seedlings are released.

Third, field management

Fertilization: Generally, the organic fertilizer is 2000-3000 kg, the hair fertilizer is 50-60 kg, and the superphosphate is 20-30 kg. The roots of cucumber are shallow and tender, and the application of fertilization is based on diligence and thin application. It is not suitable for concentrated fertilization, especially quick-acting fertilizer. Spring cucumber is usually topdressed with 10% human excrement in 1-2 true leaves. After 5-7 days, the concentration of human excrement can be gradually increased, or urea can be applied every 6-7 days. , 5-6 kg per mu. When the first female flower appears, it is combined with the cultivation of soil and fertilization once, and the peanut is 20-30 kg of peanut bran, 30 kg of compound fertilizer and 10 kg of potassium fertilizer. After harvesting 1-2 times, use 25-30 kg of compound fertilizer and 5-10 kg of potash fertilizer to ensure the amount of fertilizer needed during the fruiting period.

Drainage and irrigation: The water demand of cucumber is characterized by less water requirement before flowering, and more water is required during the result. The temperature of spring cucumber seedlings is low, and there are often low-temperature and rainy weather, generally not watering, to prevent cold and protect seedlings. On sunny days and dry north wind days, water is drenched every day at noon. During the flowering period, water is sprayed 1-2 times a day.

Cultivate soil and insert bamboo vines: Cucumbers are generally used in combination with fertilization for the presence of tendrils or bamboo vines. There are two types of cucumbers, such as “herbs frame” and “business class”. Most of them are “herbs frame”. The vines are carried out after the occurrence of tendrils. Generally, the vines are introduced once every 2-3 days to make the plants evenly distributed, improve the utilization of light energy, and reduce the occurrence of diseases. The introduction of vines should be carried out on a sunny afternoon.

Fourth, pest control

Cucumber has many pests and diseases, and it is serious and has a great impact on the yield of blight, blight, downy mildew, anthracnose, powdery mildew and aphids.

For cucumber diseases, comprehensive prevention and control should be carried out on measures such as rational rotation and field management, and the diseased branches and leaves should be sprayed at the early stage of the disease to prevent the spread of the disease. Prevention of downy mildew and disease can spray 40% ethyl aluminum phosphate 250-300 times liquid or 58% toxic mycelium manganese zinc 600-800 times liquid or kelu WP 750-1000 times liquid; control against blight can use 70% enemy Kesong or 50% Dyson ammonium water 1000-1500 times liquid or soil bacteria 1000 times liquid is watered in the root of the plant, each plant uses 200-250 ml; prevention and control of powdery mildew can spray disease 500-600 liquid Or 50% colloidal sulfur 150-200 times liquid, etc.

The main pests of cucumber are aphids. Its adult and larvae suck the juice with the needle, and concentrate on the growth point and the back of the young leaves, which makes the leaves shrink and yellow, and the growth is stagnant. Aphids are highly fertile, and it takes only 5-10 days to complete a generation and can spread the virus. Therefore, it is necessary to spray drugs when a small amount of aphids are found. Control aphids can spray 40% dimethoate 800-1000 times or 11% Converse milk 600-1500 times liquid, or 20% Kangfu multi-emulsifier 6000-1000 times liquid.

V. Harvesting, storage and transportation

Under normal circumstances, the female flower can be harvested 7-10 days after the opening, when the melon has a certain size and presents the thorns and colors of the variety. The late harvesting not only affects the yield, but also affects the quality of the melon and its storage and transportation performance. Cucumber can be stored and stored for 14 days at a temperature of 13 ° C and a relative humidity of 95%.

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