1, Shizujifei: basal fertilizer to give enough, and to balance the fertilization, and the application of the right amount of organic fertilizer, the general Shishi Laidengmu per mu 2 kg plus decomposed manure 2500-3000 kg, in addition to the use of balanced type, such as 16-16-16 (potassium sulfate type) Apply 65-75 kg of fertilizer per acre.
2, clever application of sitting fruit fertilizer: cucumber is infinite inflorescence, the result is long, requiring each fruit after each knot to be sprayed Schleideng cucumber special repair agent, restore plant nutrition, promote cucumber re-flowering results. The root topdressing should master the principle of light application and diligence. Generally, the fertilizer is chased once every 10 to 15 days. Each time, the use of Schleiden's high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer is 5 kg. Water flushing.
3, pay attention to the application of potash: potash fertilizer to promote the balanced growth of vegetative growth and reproductive growth, enhance cucumber disease resistance and improve the quality of cucumber have a good effect. According to the relevant studies, the lack of potassium in the early stage of cucumber growth, it is difficult to harvest, potassium deficiency in the first half of fertility, its output is only 1/9 of the total fertility application of potassium, potassium deficiency in the latter half, there is still one-third of the harvest.
4. Combined use of foliar fertilizers: According to the practice, spray Schreiden's micro-molecular potassium and Schleiden's special cucumber remediation agent 3-5 times in the middle stage of growth, which can effectively increase the number of picking, improve the quality of cucumber, reduce the incidence of diseases, and increase production. The magnitude has greatly increased.
Cucumber fertilizer, deficiency symptoms symptoms
Fertilizer damage and deficiency syndrome are physiological diseases of cucumber caused by improper fertilization. The middle and upper leaf margins are neatly gilded, and the tissues are generally not necrotic. The upper leaves suddenly become smaller. Some of the leaves are “parachutes†and the growth points are tight. Most of the leaves are caused by over-fertilization and excessive concentration of soil solution. Accumulation, removal of visible roots in the roots has become rusty, apical blunt, the bottom leaf edge or veins are still green, the rest of the yellow, disease and health boundaries clear, which is the performance of ammonia accumulation hazards. Before the planting of melon seedlings, unfermented chicken manure was applied. Chicken manure excreted a large amount of ammonia gas in a confined greenhouse where the sheds were baited, and the most vulnerable was to produce guava seedlings. The main root is affected by fat burning. The melon seedlings show heart-leafed leaves. The iron-deficient leaves form yellow leaves. The leaves are yellow, the zinc deficiency leaves are yellow, and the leaves are smaller: The calcium-deficient leaves are crumpled and rotten: The lower manganese is like a parachute: The boron-deficient upper leaves are dark green, thicken and curl, and the leaf area becomes smaller. All these can be improved by adding Schleiden micromolecular iron, micro-molecular zinc, micro-molecular calcium, micro-molecular manganese, micro-molecule boron and other single elements.
Problems in the cultivation of greenhouse cucumbers
First, malformed melons (including curved melons, sharp-toed melons, melons, melons, etc.)
1, curved melons appear in the nursery stage, temperature, humidity, discomfort or lack of nutrients supply, resulting in ovary dysplasia, naturally develop into a curved melon: in cucumber hypertrophy, improper field management, but also easy to form curved melon. A better way to avoid the above situation is to create good environmental conditions for the differentiation of cucumber flower buds during the seedling stage, and to strengthen the management of fertilizers and water during the expansion of the melon strips. Avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizers. Spray the Schleiden micro-k Micromolecule boron.
2. The reasons for sharp-nosed melons are poor insemination and continuous high temperatures in the shed. Therefore, when the temperature in the greenhouse exceeds 30 degrees Celsius, timely ventilation is required to prevent the occurrence of high temperatures. When it is being used, it is necessary to timely spray Schleiden micromolecule boron and micro molecular zinc to promote the formation of anthers, while prolonging the flowering period, so that the pollination is complete. After the start of melon cultivation, fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to keep the soil moist and cultivate robust plants.
3, the main reason for the occurrence of Taligua melon first infertility, and second, the lack of zinc in the soil. Therefore, we should use varieties with strong monosomy and strong susceptibility as the main cultivars of greenhouses, and then combine the spraying of Schleiden micromolecular zinc on the basis of this.
In addition to the above measures to prevent the occurrence of abnormal cucumbers in greenhouses, we must also:
1. Control the temperature: The temperature in the shed should be kept above 15 degrees Celsius to allow the cucumber to grow at an appropriate temperature and reduce the chances of deformed fruits.
2. Reasonable fertilization: Apply enough base fertilizer, increase organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, use Schleiden anti-drought eco-fertilizer as base fertilizer, and apply Schleiden high-phosphorus and high-potassium water-soluble fertilization. Topdressing adopts a "small amount of times" method, strictly controlling the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied, and preventing plant growth. In the middle and later stages of fertility, there is a special remedy for spraying Schleden's cucumber for 3-4 times to prevent premature aging and enhance stamina.
3, reasonable watering: sunny days should pay attention to watering, prevent water shortages. Water should control the amount of water, especially during fruit enlargement, avoid excessive watering.
4, to strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases: the cucumber downy mildew, disease, gray mold and other diseases, the entire process using Schleiden series of fungicides for prevention and treatment. For maggots and whiteflies, Shiladen Helicoverpa armigera nuclear polyhedrosis virus can be used to spray and kill 15 kg of water.
In addition, it is necessary to promptly remove the deformed fruit so that the nutritional supply can develop a normal melon strip.
Second, flower topping phenomenon
The reason is that after planting the seedlings, they failed to promote the control of the roots, and the topdressing irrigation was too early. As the ground temperature dropped, root activity weakened and nutrition could not keep up, resulting in flower topping. In the event of the above-mentioned phenomenon, the melons should be harvested earlier, and part of the female flowers should be removed. In sunny days, water should be applied and topdressing with nitrogen fertilizer.
Third, the physiological yellowing of leaves
This is due to insufficient supply of nutrients. Cucumber is a plant that needs more fertilizer, not only the base fertilizer should be sufficient, but also during the melon period, it is necessary to strengthen top dressing to ensure high yield. Each time, top dressing is applied with 5 kg Schleiden high-potassium water-soluble fertilizer and combined with Schleden cucumber special repair agent. Spray once every 10-15 days.
Greenhouse Cucumbers against "crazy"
Cultivation of greenhouse cucumbers, if not properly managed, can easily lead to "crazy" phenomenon, only long-distance pods do not pick melon, which will seriously affect the yield and economic efficiency of greenhouse cucumber. Therefore, it must be carefully controlled. The specific approach is:
Control the temperature: The suitable temperature for cucumber growth and development is 25-30 degrees Celsius. If the temperature exceeds 30 degrees Celsius, the cucumber plants will appear to be long-winded, resulting in “crazy growth.†Therefore, the daytime temperature in the greenhouse should be controlled between 25-30 degrees Celsius. It should not be exceeded. At 30 degrees Celsius, it is advisable to keep the temperature at 18 degrees Celsius at night to reduce respiration and increase dry matter accumulation.
Inhibit humidity. Inside the greenhouse, due to closed conditions, the temperature in the greenhouse is generally very large. The suitable humidity for cucumber growth and development is about 85%. In the evening, if the temperature is 10-15 degrees Celsius, the greenhouse should be ventilated to reduce the humidity in the night shed and prevent cucumbers. "Insanity," suppresses the occurrence of pests and diseases, and promotes the flowering of cucumbers.
Nutrients protect melon
Experiments show that in the cucumber flowering period with 1500 times the Schleiden remediation modifier plus Schleiden micro-molecule boron can cucumber sitting more, keep melon, and can promote the rapid expansion of small melon strips. In this way, cucumbers can be brought to the market in the morning to increase the yield in the earlier period and increase the economic benefits, and it can also effectively suppress the "crazy growth" of cucumber plants.
Greenhouse cucumber pollution-free control downy mildew
Variable temperature management: In the morning, after the grass is opened, the air is discharged for half an hour, then the greenhouse is closed. The temperature of the greenhouse is quickly mentioned above 28 degrees Celsius, when the temperature rises to 30 degrees Celsius, a small wind is started, and the temperature is controlled at 28 in the morning. 32 degrees Celsius, if the greenhouse temperature continues to increase in the afternoon, you can increase the amount of air release, the temperature dropped to 20-25 degrees Celsius, after the night, the temperature will be controlled at 18-20 degrees Celsius in the middle of the night, the temperature will be controlled at 14 degrees Celsius in the second half of the night.
Timely watering: timely watering according to the weather, soil moisture and seedlings. Watering time should be selected in the sunny morning, can be poured with small water, avoid flooding irrigation, immediately close the greenhouse after watering, the temperature increased to 32 degrees Celsius, maintained at this temperature for 1 hour, and then release the air to remove moisture.
Improve the cultivation conditions: greenhouses should use non-drip membranes as much as possible. The drop-free film has good light transmission, can prevent condensation of the film on the shelf, increase the temperature in the shed, reduce the humidity in the shed, and can also hang a light curtain on the back wall of the shed to enhance the light in the shed and increase the temperature in the shed. In addition, it is also possible to spread hay between rows to avoid evaporation of soil moisture and reduce the humidity in the shed.
High-temperature stuffy sheds: After entering April, if a diseased plant is found, it may be closed on sunny days in the morning. The temperature will be raised to 45 degrees Celsius and maintained for 2 hours to kill the bacteria in the shed. In order to prevent the occurrence of downy mildew, a shed may be dipped once a week. After the sheds are properly released, the amount of air discharged is small and large. It should be noted that the day before the sheds must be watered.
Nutritional control: After the cucumbers enter the middle and late growth stages, the growth of the cucumbers is obviously weakened, and the nitrogen sugar content in the juices of the plants is reduced. In this case, the plants are most susceptible to downy mildew. At this time, nitrogen can be sprayed on the leaves to supplement nutrition. The nitrogen sugar solution can be prepared with white sugar, urea, Schleiden remediation agent and water at the ratio of 1:0.5:20:100, sprayed once every 7 days, and sprayed 5 times. During the growth of the cucumber in the greenhouse, the spraying can be reasonably applied. Leiden cucumber special repair agent supplements the nutrition, promotes the cucumber growth robustly, enhances the disease resistance ability, sprays once every 10 days. If downy mildew has already occurred, it is necessary to spray Shilei Deng’s cream in time for treatment. When the condition is serious, use Shilei Deng’s acne cream and Shilai Deng’s clean leaf spray. (Please refer to the instruction manual for use and dosage.)
Cultivate strong seedlings: It is best to use wild pumpkin grafting seedlings. The roots of cucumber grafted with this pumpkin seedling are well developed and resistant to downy mildew.
In addition to selecting the above measures to prevent downy mildew, you should also carefully look at the field every morning and immediately remove the diseased leaf and take preventive measures to eliminate the disease in the bud!
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