With the adjustment of the structure of the aquaculture industry, the traditional sheep-raising model is no longer able to meet the requirements of the modern production of the sheep industry. It is a general trend to forbid grazing, protect the ecology, and achieve ecological win-win results.
Excellent mutton sheep breeds and reasonable flock structure
Under normal circumstances, varieties that are adapted to local climatic conditions, good production performance, short feeding cycles, high economic returns and good market prospects should be selected.
Optimize the flock structure. Through multiple choices, the advantages and disadvantages are eliminated, the classification is nurtured, and gradual progress is made. Old lambs and sheep with poor production performance are eliminated in a timely manner year by year, so that the herd structure is continuously optimized. The age structure of the flock should be kept between 15% and 20% for young sheep aged 0.5-1 years, 65%-75% for young sheep aged 1-4 years, and 10%-15% for sheep aged over 5 years. The proportion of species used). The proportion of ewes reaches 75%-90%. The higher the proportion of ewes, the higher the slaughter rate and the better the economic benefits. The ratio of male to female is generally 1:30-60. Conditional use of artificial insemination.
Qualified sheep house with complete facilities
Sheep farms should be located in areas with high dryness, good ventilation, good water quality, convenient access, convenient transportation, and convenient prevention of disease. The sheep house should be built in the office area and living area downwind.
Shed area should be based on the sheep's breed, production goals, physiological conditions, etc. Lamb production in the spring 1.1-1.6 square meters / month, winter lambs ewe 1.4-2.0 square meters / only, the group of rams 1.8-2.2 square meters / only, species of ram (column) 4-6 square meters / Only, ewe ewes 0.7-0.8 square meters/body, young males, ewes 0.5-0.6 square meters/body, bred sheep 0.6-0.8 square meters/only. The lambing room is calculated from 20% to 25% of the number of basic ewes.
The height of the sheep house is usually about 2.5 meters. The sheep house door is 3 meters wide and 2 meters high. The window area is 1/15 of the floor area and 1.5 meters above the ground. At the same time, the floor of the sheep house should be 30-50 centimeters higher than the ground outside the building, paved with a gentle slope for drainage.
The area of ​​the playground is generally 2-2.5 times the area of ​​the sheep house. The area of ​​adult sheep sports grounds can be calculated as 4 square meters per person.
The troughs, drinking troughs, and medicine baths can be brick, cement, or wooden structures. The feed trough is generally 25 centimeters wide and 20 centimeters wide and 14-16 centimeters deep. The length of each big sheep 30 cm, 20 cm lambs, can be set at the side of the feeder trough to ensure that each sheep can even feed forage feed; drink water tank length to meet the needs of the sheep; drug bath long 10-15 meters, 100 cm deep, 30-60 cm wide at the end, 60-100 cm wide, need to be near the water, in order to facilitate the discharge of water.
Sheep farms also need to build silage facilities and equipment. According to local conditions, choose to build silage, silage, silage towers, silage bags, etc. in places with high dryness, low groundwater level, close to the sheep house and away from the water source and pits, at the same time to prepare silage cutting machinery.
Adequate forage feed and reasonable feed formulation
Adequate fodder is the key to successful breeding. In the production process of house-feeding sheep, it is necessary not only to ensure the abundance of feeds and adequate reserves, but also to formulate full-price diets based on the nutritional needs of the sheep and the nutrients of the feed. The ratio of refined material to fattening sheep is usually 45:55. 0.3-0.6 kg of hay or 1-1.5 kg of green feed is fed for every 10 kg of body weight; 100-200 g of mixed essence is supplemented according to the quality of forage grass. The fattening lamb, 30-50 days before slaughter, can be increased to 0.6-0.8 kg.
Planting pasture. Forage species mainly include feed corn, ryegrass, small rice grass, elephant grass, hybrid pennisetum, alfalfa and other varieties that have been successfully cultivated in this area for many years, and there are several varieties for planting pasture. About 10-15 sheep are grazing on 1 mu of pasture. Now they are harvested, and they can't finish drying or silage.
Silage and ammoniation. Grass, straw, alfalfa and leafy vegetables should be timely treated for silage and ammoniation to increase the utilization of forage. Adult goats have a daily usage of 0.5-1 kg of silage. Lambs cannot be fed silage before 6-8 weeks of age.
Collect agricultural and sideline products. Straw, clams and vines, as well as weeds, leaves, etc., are good feeds for goats and should be collected and processed in time to open up sources of feed.
Reasonably configure fine material. Due to differences in breeds, sex, age, etc., mutton sheep need different concentrate ratios. The concentrates consist mainly of bean cakes, corn, vitamins and minerals.
Scientific feeding management and strict anti-epidemic system
Do a good job of sanitation. Clean up excrement and other dirt in time to reduce the harmful gases such as ammonia and carbon dioxide produced by the fermentation and corruption of the waste. The sheep house should be cleaned 1-2 times a day and outside, and the venues and utensils should be disinfected once a week. Cross-use two or more disinfectants (2%-5% fire alkali solution, 3% formalin solution, 10% killer solution, etc.), try to achieve sheep, sheep, The troughs and utensils are clean and the environment inside and outside the sheep house is kept clean throughout the year.
Scientific feeding. Hybrid rams should be used as commercial sheep fattening to shorten the growth cycle. First, early weaning, usually the lamb weaning time is appropriate 8-10 weeks old. The second is to supplement feeding as early as possible from the 7-10 days postpartum to supplement the lambs, high-quality green hay is not fed, the fine material is added gradually, from the first 50 grams to 200 grams when weaning is appropriate. The third is timely slaughter, lambs the most suitable fattening age is 4-8 months of age, lambs in the 6-month-old body weight of 45-60 kg slaughter the best.
Rational feeding. In addition to proper concentrates, pregnant ewes, nursing ewes, rams, and lambs should also be supplemented with minerals and trace elements such as carrots, high-quality green grasses, and other vitamin-rich blue-green juicy materials and bone meal to meet their physiological needs. At the same time, pay attention to drinking water and salt, first feed salt and drink water. On a daily basis, the amount of drinking water for sheep is 3-5L. The quality of drinking water should be clean, and the sheep should be free from drinking water and drinking ice water. Each sheep can give 5-10 grams of salt a day. Salt can be placed in feed or in drinking water and mixed evenly. Salt can also be placed in special salt bowls, or salt and salt tiles can be prepared for sheep to feed freely.
Do a good job of epidemic prevention. Develop a strict anti-epidemic system. 1Inactivated infectious pleuropneumoniae vaccine for goats in spring and autumn each year, triple-inactivated vaccine for sheep epidemic disease, delirium (or lamb dysentery), and enterotoxaemia, live vaccine for goatpox, and type O and Asia-type II for foot-and-mouth disease Inactivated vaccines and other immune injections. 2 Two to three times a year the whole group repellents. Drugs abamectin preparations, albendazole and so on. The endoparasite may be albendazole (oral dose is 15-20 mg per kg body weight); ectoparasites may be given ivermectin injection (0.2 kg per kilogram of body weight, subcutaneously) or in a drug bath. 3 Adhere to routine disinfection and conduct a large disinfection in the spring and autumn. The disinfectant pools at the entrances to the field gates and entrances to the field areas must also be replaced frequently to maintain an effective concentration, and refuse entry of unrelated personnel. Sheep manure should be treated in a centralized manner, which can be used as a disinfectant, or it can be loosely packed and fermented to kill bacteria and eggs at high temperatures. Commonly used disinfectants include 2%-5% pyrogenic alkali solution, 10% poisonous poison, mycotoxin, ketoxin, and Tetrim.
Promote self-cultivation. Develop a habit of carefully observing the colony (spirit, appetite, exercise, feces, etc.), and once discovered sheep with abnormal performance or disease should be immediately isolated to reduce morbidity and mortality. In day-to-day management, it is necessary to prevent the spread of disease through breeders, other animals and utensils. The introduction of sheep from outside China is subject to statutory procedures and strict quarantine. After 45 days of isolation and observation, it is confirmed that there are no infectious diseases before entering the market.
Chewable Tablets,Vitamin C Chewable Tablets,Chewable Vitamin C,Chewable Calcium
Guangzhou Etechange Biological Engineering Co.,Ltd. , https://www.etechange.com