The Baoding City Bureau of Agriculture clearly defined the guiding ideology of this year's wheat cultivation: improving planting techniques, highlighting water-saving cultivation; optimizing species distribution based on species performance; combining agronomic and agricultural machinery to ensure seed quality. In order to achieve continuous increase in production and efficiency of wheat production, Liu Hongxun, a researcher and chief agronomist of Baoding Agriculture Bureau, suggested that all localities should give full play to their favorable conditions and overcome unfavorable factors, and suggested that McNonne should focus on the implementation of the following key technical measures.
Select fine varieties and optimize the layout of varieties. Each county (city) has no more than 3 main varieties to promote, and no more than 2 varieties are matched, and it will start from the source and stop the phenomenon of “multiple, chaotic, and miscellaneous†phenomena. The main types of winter-type varieties: Shixin 828, Kenong 199 and so on. Collocations: Shimai 15, Guan 35, Yanyou 2018, etc.; main winter varieties: Zhongmai 175, Rotary 987, Beinong 9549, etc.; collocations: Beijing 0045, Baomai 10, Henong 6425, Heinong 825, etc. In the current situation of severe shortage of water resources, we must focus on the cultivation, introduction and screening of water-saving varieties.
Apply enough base fertilizer to fertilize fertility. Change passive fertilization habits in which base fertilizer is insufficient and no base fertilizer is applied to chase chemical fertilizers in head water or packing water or in wintering water. High-yield fields generally control total application of phosphorus and potassium, and nitrogen accounts for the total nitrogen application during the whole growth period. 50%-60% of the nitrogen fertilizer, on the basis of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-reasonable ratio, increase the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application. Generally, 8-9 kilograms of pure nitrogen, 7-8 kilograms of phosphorus pentoxide, 6-7 kilograms of potassium oxide in high-yield and potassium-deficient wheat fields, and organic fertilizers are encouraged to promote soil testing and formula fertilization.
Promote deep and fine soil preparation. Early planning, deployment of large-scale agricultural machinery, supporting deep loose machinery. For the three consecutive years, there is no deep loose land to be loosened, the depth of ploughing is more than 25 cm, and the depth of loose rows is less than 70 cm. If there are no deep loose conditions in the high-yielding maize areas and large amounts of straw returned, appropriate measures must be taken to reduce the amount of straw returned. The straw must be crushed 2 times and finely ground, and the bottom nitrogen fertilizer should be increased (under normal nitrogen application conditions). Increase 5 kg of urea or 15 kg of ammonium bicarbonate. Rotary tillage depth should be more than 15 cm, and rotate till 2 times. Fine land preparation should be done before sowing, so as to ensure that the quality of straw returned to the field meets agronomic requirements.
Appropriate sowing, determine the reasonable sowing volume. Baoding City, lack of heat conditions, late summer corn maturity, all regions should strengthen the scheduling of agricultural machinery and agricultural machinery input, shorten the consumption time of farmers, try to fight timely sowing wheat. It is necessary to vigorously popularize the basic seedling technology for sowing. The basic seedlings within the suitable sowing period should be controlled at 200,000-250,000 per acre, and should be broadcast once every night after the appropriate sowing date. The basic seedlings should be increased by 10,000. The rate of emergence of crops in fields with large amount of straw returned and poor quality of soil preparation is low. Attention should be paid to increasing the sowing rate.
Suitable for sowing, to ensure that all broadcast seedlings. If there is no sufficient rainfall before planting wheat, the soil moisture will not reach the standard for soil moisture (17%-18% for loam soil, 16% for sandy soil, and 20% for clay). The way to the land. For plots with poor straw quality and poor soil moisture after sowing, they can be poured 3-4 days after sowing. Their role is to practise the soil and supplement the soil moisture, so as to ensure the emergence of seedlings and regular growth at the seedling stage.
Such as full-line planting to ensure sowing quality. Agricultural machinery and agronomy should closely cooperate with each other to improve the sowing machinery. Baonan Mai District should further reduce the row spacing and narrow the all dense line spacing to 12-13 cm. In the wheat growing area, while keeping the three dense and thin, four dense and thin ones, the average line spacing should be reduced to 13-15 cm. The quality of seeding is the key to achieving uniform seedling production. The sowing machinery should be well adjusted to control the sowing speed, and the speed should be controlled at a constant speed. It should be controlled within 4 km per hour to ensure that the seeds are uniform; the sowing depth is about 4 cm, and sowing is avoided. Deepness has caused weaker and lesser emergence problems.
After repression, it is hard to hit the soil. To promptly suppress the surface moisture of the soil after sowing, use a special repressor to suppress the soil. The weight of the repressor should ensure compaction of the soil. All localities should implement full repression after sowing according to the sown area of ​​wheat and a sufficient number of repressive machinery.
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